复合酸化剂对伊拉兔生长性能、免疫和抗氧化功能以及空肠形态的影响

Effects of Compound Acidifiers on Growth Performance,Immune and Antioxidant Function and Jejunum Morphology of Ira Rabbits

本试验旨在研究复合酸化剂对伊拉兔生长性能、免疫和抗氧化功能以及空肠形态的影响。选取192只体重相近、健康的(35±2)日龄断奶商品伊拉兔公兔,随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加60 mg/kg盐霉素的饲粮;试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加0.1%(试验Ⅰ组)和0.2%复合酸化剂(试验Ⅱ组)的饲粮(复合酸化剂的有效成分为甲酸和丙酸)。试验期28 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组伊拉兔平均日采食量显著提高(P<0.05),平均日增重有提高趋势(P=0.076);抗生素组和试验Ⅰ组腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05)。各组料重比之间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加不同水平复合酸化剂对伊拉兔免疫器官指数无显著影响(P>0.05);抗生素组和试验Ⅰ组血清白细胞介素-6含量显著降低(P<0.05),抗生素组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α含量显著降低(P<0.05)。各组血清白细胞介素-1β和白细胞介素-10含量之间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组伊拉兔肝脏丙二醛含量有降低趋势(P=0.084)。各组其他肝脏抗氧化指标之间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,抗生素组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组伊拉兔空肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度值显著提高(P<0.05)。各组空肠隐窝深度之间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加复合酸化剂可以增强伊拉兔免疫功能,改善空肠形态,提高提高平均日采食量,降低腹泻率,其中以添加0.1%复合酸化剂效果较佳,与添加抗生素的效果相似,具有良好的替抗潜力。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of compound acidifiers on growth performance,immune and antioxidant function and jejunum morphology of Ila rabbits.A total of 192 healthy(35±2)day-old male Ila rabbits with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 8 rabbits per replicate.Rabbits in the control group were fed a basal diet,those in the antibiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 60 mg/kg salinomycin,and those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.1%(experimental groupⅠ)and 0.2%compound acidifiers(experimental groupⅡ),respectively.The active components in compound acidifiers were formic acid and propionic acid.The experiment lasted for 28 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the average daily feed intake of Ila rabbits in experimental groupⅠwas significantly increased(P<0.05),and the average daily gain had an increasing trend(P=0.076);the diarrhea rate in the antibiotic group and experimental groupⅠwas significantly decreased(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in feed to gain ratio among all groups(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,diets supplemented with different levels of compound acidifiers had no significant effects on immune organ indices of Ila rabbits(P>0.05);the serum interleukin-6 content in the antibiotic group and experimental groupⅠwas significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum tumor necrosis factor-αcontent in the antibiotic group,experimental groupⅠand experimental groupⅡwas significantly decreased(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in serum contents of interleukin-1βand interleukin-10 among all groups(P>0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the malondialdehyde content in liver of Ila rabbits in experimental groupⅠhad a tendency to decrease(P=0.084).There were no significant differences in the other liver antioxidant indices among all groups(P>0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio in jejunum of Ila rabbits in the antibiotic group,experimental groupⅠand experimental groupⅡwere significantly increased(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the crypt depth in jejunum among all groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,dietary compound acidifiers can enhance the immune function,improve jejunum morphology,increase the average daily feed intake,and reduce the diarrhea rate of Ila rabbits.Dietary 0.1%compound acidifiers have the best effect,which is similar to the effects of adding antibiotics,and has a good potential to replace antibiotics.