建国初文学翻译的“商品”属性批判——以《翻译通报》为中心的考察

A Sociological Study of Criticism of“Commodity”Properties in Literature Translation in Early Years of PRC——Taking Translation Bulletin as an Example

新中国成立初期,特殊的社会文化语境使翻译活动的属性面临巨大变化,旧的翻译出版制度已不符合人民大众的需求。在从旧制度到新制度的改造过程中,首先要对翻译出版的“商品”属性进行大力批判。《翻译通报》作为一个翻译界专业期刊,不仅为译者提供了一个重要平台,也为新中国的翻译制度化建设做出了应有贡献。结合布厄迪的社会实践理论,分别从翻译场域的构建、译者惯习的改造和翻译材料的选择三个方面,揭示翻译商品属性的批判过程、效用和结果。

The special social and cultural context changed the nature of translation and publication activities during the early days of new China,and the old cultural system could not meet with the needs of the people any longer.In the process of the formation of new translation and publication system,the first and critical step is to strongly criticize its“commodity”property.As a professional journal in the field of translation,Translation Bulletin played its role in organizing and liaising translators throughout the country,and made its due contribution to the new culture construction of new China.Based on Bourdieu’s theory of field,the author tries to reveal the process,effectiveness and results of the criticism to translation“commodity”property from three aspects:the construction of the translational field,the transformation of the translator’s habitus and the selection of translation source materials.