卢梭技术异化思想的批判性与合理性

Criticism and Rationality of Rousseau’s Thought of Technological Alienation

在启蒙运动时期,西方国家普遍对技术发展的前景表现得极为乐观,人们往往将技术发展等同于社会进步和财富增长。卢梭却对技术给人们带来生存和生活上的美好表象表示怀疑,开始深刻批判技术的负面效应,视科学技术为社会道德败坏的根源。卢梭用风险假定的方式重新审视技术的社会影响,引导人们更加全面地分析技术的社会价值,从而影响了后人的技术观。分析和借鉴卢梭的技术异化思想,有助于防范和化解技术风险,有助于开展科技伦理治理,有助于实现当代技术与社会的健全发展。

During the Enlightenment Movement, the Western countries were generally optimistic about the prospects for development of technology. People often equated the technological development with the social progress and wealth growth. However, Rousseau was doubtful about the beautiful appearance that technology brought to people’s survival and life, starting to deeply criticize the negative effects of technology while regarding science and technology as the roots of social moral corruption. Rousseau reviewed the social impact of technology in the way of risk assumption, guided people to analyze the social value of technology more comprehensively, and influenced the views of later generations towards technology. Analyzing and learning from Rousseau’s thought of technological alienation is helpful to prevent and resolve technological risks,carry out the scientific and technological ethical governance, and realize the sound development of contemporary technology and society.