美国曼哈顿计划的安全防卫管理与情报隐患

The Security Management and Intelligence Loophole of the American Manhattan Project

安全防卫制度的构建与执行是曼哈顿计划安全防卫体系中两个重要维度。为保守机密信息,防止外来势力蓄意破坏,曼哈顿计划安全防卫体系从反情报、人员及公司审查、工厂保卫、运输安全以及情报安全等领域作出周密规划和部署。但是,通过对安全防卫计划的实际执行情况进行细致考察,却能发现诸多背离计划初衷的现实问题。这些问题存在于安全防卫管理的各个阶段,它们既是曼哈顿计划的情报隐患,也反映出安全防卫制度设计与制度践行中的深层问题。

The construction and implementation of security program are two important dimensions of the Manhattan Project’s security system.Official history shows that the Manhattan Project’s security system was meticulously planned and deployed in areas such as counterintelligence,personnel and company clearance,plant security,transportation security,and intelligence security to prevent sabotage and protect classified information from enemy forces.But through careful investigation of the actual implementation of the security program,it is easy to identify many practical problems that deviate from the original intention of the plan.These problems exist in various stages of security management,which are not only the potential intelligence loophole of the Manhattan Project,but also reflect the deep problems existing in the construction and implementation of the security program.