日本艳诗创作风潮及诗学定位的转变

The Trend of Japanese Erotic Poetry Writing and the Change of Poetics Orientation

“艳”字虽有多种含义,与艳诗相关的含义在中日艳诗发展史上基本一致。基于日本的文化特质和艳诗创作特点,艳诗内涵有一定延伸,主要指从人体审美角度描写女性或少年僧侣之美以及叙写男女恋情。首见于奈良平安时期的《怀风藻》,在五山时代兴盛,与佛教禅宗关联密切且具有日本禅林文化的显著特征,在江户后期得以兴盛,则与“好色”文艺关联密切。日本艳诗摆脱了边缘化地位,与儒家正统诗学体系下的汉诗创作平行发展,在日本汉文学创作场域中共同争夺话语权的过程中,显露出受日本土著世界观及文化特质影响的日本诗学和美学理念,与中国艳诗的诗学批评产生较大的变异与错位。

Although the word “yan” has a variety of meanings, the meanings related to erotic poetry are basically the same in the development history of Chinese and Japanese erotic poetry.Based on the cultural characteristics of Japan and the characteristics of erotic poetry creation, the connotation of erotic poetry is extended to a certain extent, mainly referring to the poems describing the beauty of female or young monks and the love between men and women from the perspective of human body aesthetics.It was first seen in theHan Poetry of “Kaifuso” in the Heian Period of Nara, and revived in the Wuyama Period.It is closely related to Zen Buddhism and has significant characteristics of Japanese Zen forest culture, and flourished in the late Edo period, closely related to the “lustful” literature and art.Japan erotic poetry get rid of the marginalized position, parallel to the orthodox Confucian poetics system of Chinese poetry creation development, han literary field in Japan jointly for the voice process, reveals the indigenous worldview in Japan and the Japanese poetics and aesthetic concept under the influence of the cultural traits, with China erotic poetic criticism in large degree of variation and dislocation.