城市建筑空间对公园绿地分布的影响作用研究——以苏州中心城区为例

Study on the Influence of Architectural Space on the Distribution of Park Green Space: A Case Study of Suzhou Central City

建筑是城市的景观主体和人类活动强度的关键表征,深刻影响着公园绿地的空间形态和布局特征。以苏州中心城区为案例地、路网街区为研究单元,从建筑的层数、占地面积、总面积、容积率、密度5个方面,利用普通最小二乘回归模型(OLS)和地理加权回归模型(GWR)等方法,深入探究建筑空间对公园绿地分布的影响作用及空间规律。结果表明:(1)建筑空间特征对公园绿地分异具有显著的作用效应,呈现出建筑密度>建筑层数>建筑占地面积的趋势;(2)数量关系方面,反映建筑绝对数量的建筑占地面积、建筑总面积与公园绿地极显著正相关,而反映开发强度的容积率、密度则显著负相关;(3)空间层面,建筑层数整体具有正向促进作用,建筑密度表现为挤压极化效应,占地面积则体现出较弱的正向拉动。结合作用差异规律,从政策设计、修复更新、借力专项规划方面提出对策建议,以期针对性、差异化解决建筑空间与公园绿地的局部失衡问题,促进灰色与绿色基础设施的协同优化发展。

Architecture is the core landscape element and the key representation of human activity intensity in the city, which profoundly af fects the shape and layout of park green space. Suzhou downtown area is selected as the research area, while road network block is the study unit. From the aspects of building layer number, floor space, total area, floor area ratio and density, the ef fect of space on the distribution of park green space and the law of space is explored with the ordinary least squares regression model(OLS) and the geographically weighted regression model(GWR). The results show that:(1)The spatial characteristics of buildings have a significant ef fect on the dif ferentiation of park green space, and shows a trend of building density > building layers > building area.(2)In terms of quantitative relationship, the absolute number of building area and total building area are positively correlated with park green space, while the floor area ratio and density reflecting development intensity are negatively correlated.(3)From the aspect of space, the overall number of building layers has a positive role in promoting, the building density shows the squeezing polarization ef fect, and the floor area shows a weak positive pull. Countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from the aspects of policy design, repair and update, and special planning with the law of the dif ference in action. It can help to solve the local imbalance of building space and park green space in a targeted and dif ferentiated way, and guides the collaborative planning of grey and green infrastructure.