自动驾驶汽车交通事故侵权的责任认定

On the Determination of Tort Liability in Traffic Accidents of Autonomous Vehicle

自动驾驶汽车交通事故侵权涉及交通事故责任、产品责任、高度危险责任,然而,这三种责任之任何一种均无法满足自动驾驶汽车交通事故侵权责任认定的需要。因为自动驾驶汽车交通事故的原因包括驾驶员的操作疏漏和自动驾驶系统的产品缺陷。为化解这一困境,应当明确自动驾驶汽车只是法律上的“物”,按照有无人类驾驶员参与的区分,分别适用交通事故责任和产品责任。应进一步完善技术标准体系,在机动车保有人、交通事故受害者与自动驾驶汽车生产者之间取得利益的平衡。

Autonomous vehicle traffic accident tort involves traffic accident liability, product liability, and high-risk liability. However, none of these three types of liabilities can meet the needs of the identification of tort liability for autonomous vehicle in traffic accidents.The reasons for traffic accidents of Autonomous vehicle includes driver’s operation negligence and product defects of the autonomous driving system. In order to solve this dilemma, it should be clarified that autonomous vehicle are only "things", and according to the distinction between with or without the participation of human drivers, the traffic accident liability and product liability should be applied respectively.. The technical standard system should be further improved to balance the interests of motor vehicle owners, traffic accident victims and autonomous vehicle manufacturers.