超声聚能器作用下全尾砂浆浓密沉降试验

Thickening Sedimentation Test on Unclassified Tailings Slurry Under the Action of Ultrasonic Focusing Transducer

为探究超声聚能器产生的超声波对全尾砂浆浓密的促进效果,采用自制砂仓模型进行全尾砂浆浓密沉降物理试验,基于控制变量法探究在全尾砂沉降不同时刻施加超声波,及不同功率的超声波对其浓密沉降效果的影响。研究结果表明:超声波在清水及全尾砂浆中的声强衰减规律类似,在距离上均可分为持续衰减阶段与波动衰减阶段两个阶段。在持续衰减阶段,超声波在清水中的声强值与功率的大小关系呈反比,在全尾砂浆中则呈正比;而在波动衰减阶段,两种情况下的声强值都随着功率的增大而增大。此外,两种情况下的声强衰减率在持续衰减阶段均与功率大小呈正比,在波动衰减阶段均呈反比;而从全过程来看,两种情况下声强最终衰减的百分比均随着功率的增大而减小。在实际生产中,并非施加超声波就能改善全尾砂浆的浓密沉降效果,超声波的功率大小及在全尾砂浆沉降过程中的施加时刻均影响全尾砂浆沉降效果,这种影响甚至会对全尾砂浆的浓密沉降起到反作用。

In order to explore the promoting effect of ultrasonic generated by ultrasonic focusing transducer on the thickening of unclassified tailings slurry,a self-made sand bin model was used to conduct physical tests on the thickening sedimentation of unclassified tailings slurry.Based on the control variable method,the effects of applying ultrasonic waves at different time of the sedimentation of unclassified tailings,as well as the effects of applying ultrasonic waves with different powers on thickening sedimentation were investigated.The results show that the attenuation law of ultrasonic intensity in clean water and unclassified tailings slurry is similar,which can be divided into continuous attenuation stage and wave attenuation stage in terms of distance.In the continuous attenuation stage,the relationship between the ultrasonic intensity value in clean water and the power is inversely proportional,while in the unclassified tailings slurry,it is proportional.In the wave attenuation stage,the ultrasonic intensity value in both cases increases with the increase of power.In addition,in both cases,the attenuation rate of ultrasonic intensity is proportional to the power in the continuous attenuation stage and is inversely proportional to the fluctuation attenuation stage.From the perspective of the whole process,the percentage of final attenuation of ultrasonic intensity in both cases decreases with the increase of power.In actual production,it is not that applying ultrasonic waves can improve the thickening sedimentation effect of unclassified tailings slurry.The power of ultrasonic waves and the applying time during the sedimentation process both affect the sedimentation effect of unclassified tailings slurry,which may even have an opposite effect on the thickening sedimentation.