2021年中国成年居民营养健康知识获取渠道

Access channels on nutrition and health knowledge of Chinese adults in 2021

目的分析2021年中国18~64岁居民营养健康知识获取渠道。方法2021年利用多阶段整群随机抽样法抽取全国302个调查点共102398名18~64岁常住居民进行问卷调查,最终纳入98424人,年龄(38.5±12.2)岁,男性49.4%,城市42.0%。采用描述性统计报告调查对象获取营养健康知识的渠道来源,通过χ^(2)检验比较不同特征调查对象的获取渠道比例。结果2021年中国18~64岁居民获取营养健康知识的渠道从高到低依次是微信/微博/抖音/快手等软件(77.0%)、电视/广播(55.7%)、家人/亲戚/朋友(41.8%)、书籍/报纸/期刊/杂志(32.5%)、网站搜索(30.7%)、宣传讲座等活动(29.3%)和其他(1.9%)。通过软件、网站搜索、书籍/报纸获取营养健康知识比例高的人群多来自低年龄组、高教育水平组、城市以及东部地区;通过电视/广播、家人/亲戚/朋友、宣传讲座等活动获取比例高的人群多来自高年龄组、低教育水平组、农村和西部地区(P<0.001)。除网站搜索外,女性通过各种渠道获取营养健康知识的比例高于男性;文化程度越高,对营养健康知识的关注度越高(P<0.001)。结论2021年中国18~64岁居民获取营养健康知识的首位获取渠道是微信/微博/抖音/快手等软件,不同人群的获取渠道有差异。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the access channels on nutritional health knowledge of Chinese residents aged 18-64 years in 2021.METHODS A multi-stage cluster random sampling was used to select 302 survey sites across the country,there were 102398 people surveyed,with 98424 valid questionnaires,49.4%male and 42.0%urban,with an average age of(38.5±12.2)years old.A standardized questionnaire certified by experts and evaluated for reliability and validity was used to conduct the face-to-face survey.Descriptive statistics were used to report the access channels on nutrition and health knowledge of respondents,and the proportion of access channels of respondents with different characteristics was compared by chi-square test.RESULTS The access channels on nutrition and health knowledge of Chinese residents aged 18-64 in 2021 were,in descending order,WeChat/Microblog/Tik Tok/Kuaishou and other software(77.0%),TV/radio(55.7%),family/relatives/friends(41.8%),books/newspapers/journals/magazines(32.5%),website search(30.7%),promotional lectures(29.3%)and other(1.9%).A high proportion of people who access nutrition and health knowledge through software,website searches and books/newspapers were mostly from the lower age groups,higher education groups,urban and eastern regions.People with a high proportion of access through TV/radio,family/relatives/friends and promotional lectures were mostly from the higher age groups,lower education groups,rural and western areas(P<0.001).Women are more likely than men to obtain nutrition and health information from all channels except website search.The higher the level of education,the higher the level of concern for nutrition and health knowledge(P<0.001).CONCLUSION In 2021,the top access channel for Chinese residents aged 18-64 to obtain nutrition and health knowledge is WeChat/Microblog/Tik Tok/Kuaishou and other software.There are differences in access channels for different groups of people.