基于Heider平衡理论的健康教育在结直肠癌患者围手术期管理中的应用

Application of Heider's balance theory-based health education in the perioperative management during the operation of colorectal cancer

目的探讨基于Heider平衡理论的健康教育在结直肠癌患者围手术期管理中的应用效果。方法选择2018年1月-2021年12月本院收治的结直肠癌手术总共68例患者作为研究对象,分为研究组和对照组两组,每组各34例。对照组施行手术室常规护理及健康宣教;研究组在对照组基础上实施基于Heider平衡理论的健康教育。比较两组患者干预前后疾病知识知晓度、压力感知量表(Perceived Stress Scale,PSS)及抑郁-焦虑-励自评量表(Depression Anxiety Stress Scale,DASS),并对比两组手术室护理质量水平,即患者满意度及意外事件发生率。结果研究组首次排气时间、首次进食时间、首次拔管时间、住院时长明显短于对照组,术后1周VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05);干预前两组患者的疾病知识知晓度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后研究组疾病知识知晓度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预前,两组间PSS、DASS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组PSS、DASS评分均较干预前降低,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组意外事件发生率明显低于对照组,患者满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于Heider平衡理论的健康教育在结直肠癌患者围手术期管理中的应用效果确切,能提高患者疾病知识掌握程度,积极配合治疗,降低患者的感知压力,有利于病情恢复,促进护患关系和谐,值得在临床推广应用。

Objective To discuss the applying effects of Heider's balance theory-based health education in the perioperative management for colorectal cancer patients.Methods 68 colorectal cancer patients treated in our hospitalfrom January 2018 to February 2022 were selected as research subjects.According to random number table they were divided into research group and control group.34 cases receiving the routine care and health education were included in the control group;on the basis of the former,the other 34 cases receiving the Heider's balance theory-based health education were included in the research group.The disease knowledge awareness rate,Perceived Stress Scale(PSS)and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale(DASS)scores,nursing quality like patient's satisfaction and nursing accidents were compared.Results The initial exhaust time,feeding time,extubation time and hospital stays in the research group were shorter than control group;after one week of surgery,visual analogue scale(VAS)scores were lower than control group(P<0.05).Before intervention,the disease knowledge awareness rate between groups showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05);after intervention,the disease knowledge awareness rate in the research group was higher than control group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Before intervention,PSS and DASS scores between groups showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05);after intervention,PSS and DASS scores of both two groups were lower than those before intervention;related scores in the research group were even lower than control group(P<0.05).The incidences of nursing accidents in the research group were lower than control group;patient's satisfaction was higher than control group(P<0.05).Conclusions The application effect of health education based on Heider's balance theory in the perioperative management of colorectal cancer patients is accurate.Heider's balance theory-based health education could improve the patient's disease knowledge awareness rate and nursing compliance,reduce the perceived stress,stabilize the illness states and maintain the harmonious nurse-patient relationships.It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.