不同产地山茱萸氨基酸含量分析及其营养价值评价

Analysis of amino acid composition and nutritional evaluation of Corni Fructus from different habitats

目的分析全国29个产地山茱萸的氨基酸成分,评价其营养价值。方法采用氨基酸自动分析仪测定山茱萸样品中氨基酸的含量,通过氨基酸比值系数法对其营养价值进行评价,并对所得数据进行相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果不同地区山茱萸样品的氨基酸总量存在差异,在15.12~26.47 mg/g之间;山茱萸中的氨基酸种类丰富,29份样品中均检测到17种氨基酸,其中包含7种必需氨基酸,占总氨基酸含量的35.75%,接近联合国粮食及农业组织和世界卫生组织模式标准;含量最高的3种氨基酸依次为天冬氨酸、谷氨酸和亮氨酸,均为药效氨基酸;药效氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的60.06%~68.46%;山茱萸中氨基酸组成比例合理,限制氨基酸为甲硫氨酸和半胱氨酸,氨基酸比值系数分值介于61.859~81.443之间;不同产地的山茱萸氨基酸组成相关性显著,主成分分析提取出3个主成分,累计方差贡献率为87.884%,系统聚类分析法将其归为4类,其中以陕西秦岭和河南伏牛山地区品质为佳。结论山茱萸作为一种药食同源物质,氨基酸种类及含量丰富,综合开发利用的市场潜力巨大,本研究可为不同产地山茱萸的品质评价和资源开发提供参考。

Objective To analyze the amino acid composition of Corni Fructus from 29 habitats in China and evaluate its nutritional value.Methods The amino acid content in Corni Fructus samples was determined by automatic amino acid analyzer.The nutritional value was evaluated by amino acid ratio coefficient method,and the obtained data were subjected to correlation analysis,principal component analysis and clustering analysis.Results The total amino acids in Corni Fructus samples from different regions varied from 15.12 to 26.47 mg/g.Corni Fructus was rich in amino acids.Seventeen kinds of amino acids were detected in all 29 samples,including 7 kinds of essential amino acids,accounting for 35.75%of the total amino acid content,which was close to the model standards of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Health Organization.The 3 kinds of amino acids with the highest content were aspartic acid,glutamic acid and leucine in sequence,all of which were medicinal amino acids.The medicinal amino acids account for 60.06%o 68.46%of the total amino acid content;the composition proportion of amino acid in Corni Fructus was reasonable,that limiting amino acid were methionine and cysteine,and the value of the amino acid ratio coefficient was between 61.859 and 81.443;the correlation of amino acid composition of Corni Fructus from different origins was significant.Three principal components were proposed in principal component analysis,and the contribution rate of cumulative variance was 87.884%.The 4 components were classified into 4 categories by systematic clustering analysis,and the quality in Shaanxi Qinling Mountains and Henan Funiu Mountain was the best.Conclusion Corni Fructus,as a medicine and food homologous substance,is rich in amino acids and has great market potential for comprehensive development and utilization.This study can provide reference for quality evaluation and resource development of Corni Fructus from different habitats.