日光温室袋培番茄三因素五水平优化施肥方案

Optimizing Fertilization Scheme of Three-factor and Five-level for Tomato in Bag in Solar Greenhouse

为了研究日光温室袋培番茄优质高产条件下最优氮磷钾、钙、镁施用量,本研究采用三因素五水平试验设计,建立了以氮磷钾、钙、镁施用量为变量因子,番茄产量和品质为目标函数的三元二次数学模型。结果表明,本试验条件下番茄单株产量达4300 g的施肥方案为:氮磷钾单次施用量6.994~7.220 g/株、钙单次施用量0.862~1.059 g/株、镁单次施用量0.217~0.252 g/株;品质综合评分达90分以上的施肥方案为:氮磷钾施用量6.241~6.759 g/株、钙施用量0.654~0.868 g/株,镁施用量0.204~0.246 g/株。综合分析番茄单株产量预期达到4300 g、品质综合评分达90分以上的优质高产氮磷钾、钙、镁单次施用量范围为:氮磷钾施用量为6.241~6.759 g/株,钙施用量为0.862~0.868 g/株,镁施用量为0.217~0.246 g/株。NPK∶CaO∶MgO适宜的施用量比例为1∶0.13∶0.03。

In order to study the optimum NPK, Ca and Mg application amount in high-yield and high-quality conditions of tomato in bag in solar greenhouse, the three-factor and five-level experimental design was used to establish a ternary quadratic mathematical model, which independent variables were NPK, Ca and Mg, the dependent variables were yield and quality. The results showed that the fertilization schemes of tomato yield 4,300 g/plant under the conditions of this experiment were: NPK 6.994-7.220 g/plant each time, Ca 0.862-1.059 g/plant each time, Mg0.217-0.252 g/plant each time;the fertilization schemes with a comprehensive quality score over 90 were: NPK6.241-6.759 g/plant each time, Ca 0.654-0.868 g/plant each time, and Mg 0.204-0.246 g/plant each time. In summary, fertilization scheme of high yield(4,300 g/plant) and high quality(comprehensive score over 90) of tomatoes were NPK 6.241-6.759 g/plant each time, CaO 0.862-0.868 g/plant each time, MgO 0.217-0.246 g/plant each time, and the appropriate proportions of NPK, CaO and MgO was 1∶0.13∶0.03.