贵州省主要少数民族人群身体活动与心血管疾病关系分析

The relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular diseases among major ethnic minority groups in Guizhou province

目的探讨贵州省主要少数民族人群身体活动(physical activity,PA)与心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)的关系。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法在贵州省黎平县、雷山县、从江县和贵定县、荔波县、独山县的主要少数民族(苗族、侗族、布依族)人群进行问卷调查,调查时间是2018年5月—2019年9月。问卷调查内容包括参与者的一般情况和身体活动等相关情况。根据调查对象PA水平的四分位数将其分为3组(Q1、Q2、Q3组)。应用二元logistic回归和限制性立方样条分析PA与CVD的关联及剂量关系。结果最终纳入17082人。logistic回归结果显示,苗族(Q2:OR=0.73,95%CI:0.61~0.87;Q3:OR=0.71,95%CI:0.57~0.89)、侗族(Q3:OR=0.73,95%CI:0.60~0.89)和布依族(Q2:OR=0.60,95%CI:0.51~0.71;Q3:OR=0.51,95%CI:0.41~0.64)中等及以上水平PA者CVD风险更小;性别分层中男性(Q2:OR=0.83,95%CI:0.71~0.97;Q3:OR=0.64,95%CI:0.53~0.77)、女性(Q2:OR=0.68,95%CI:0.60~0.77;Q3:OR=0.66,95%CI:0.56~0.77)中等及以上水平PA者CVD风险更小。限制性立方样条结果显示,苗族、布依族、女性的PA水平与CVD风险均呈非线性剂量-反应关系(非线性检验,P<0.05)。结论贵州省主要少数民族人群中等及以上水平PA可以降低CVD风险。运动量与CVD风险的剂量关系因民族和性别而异。因此,应针对性地鼓励居民合理参与运动,加强健康意识,提高生活质量。

Objective To explore the relationship between physical activity(PA)and cardiovascular diseases(CVD)among major ethnic minority groups in Guizhou province.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select the major ethnic minority groups(Miao,Dong,Bouyi)in Liping,Leishan,Congjiang,Guiding,Libo,Dushan counties in Guizhou and a questionnaire survey was conducted.PA was divided into three groups(Q1,Q2,Q3)according to the quartile of the amount of PA.Binary logistic regression and restricted cubic spline were used to analyze the relationship between PA and CVD as well as the dose-response relationship.Results A total of 17082 individuals were surveyed.Logistic regression analysis showed that participants of Miao minority(Q2:OR=0.73,95%CI:0.61-0.87;Q3:OR=0.71,95%CI:0.57-0.89),Dong minority(Q3:OR=0.73,95%CI:0.60-0.89)and Bouyi minority(Q2:OR=0.60,95%CI:0.51-0.71;Q3:OR=0.51,95%CI:0.41-0.64)who had moderate to high levels of PA faced a lower risk of CVD.The similar result was obtained when participants were stratified by sex(men:Q2:OR=0.83,95%CI:0.71-0.97;Q3:OR=0.64,95%CI:0.53-0.77;women:Q2:OR=0.68,95%CI:0.60-0.77;Q3:OR=0.66,95%CI:0.56-0.77).Restricted cubic spline results showed a non-linear dose-response relationship between the amount of PA of Miao,Bouyei and women with CVD risk(non-linearity:P<0.05).Conclusions Moderate to high levels of PA among major ethnic minority groups in Guizhou Province can reduce the risk of CVD.The dose-response relationship between the PA level and CVD risk varies with ethnicity and gender.