CPTPP加入程序中的制度性权力及中国因应

Institutional Power in CPTPP Accession Process and China’s Response

CPTPP加入程序中的制度性权力可理解为CPTPP成员借助CPTPP加入规则对申请方间接行使的权力,既能表现为申请方与CPTPP成员自愿达成的非对称协议,也能表现为CPTPP成员方对申请方加入请求的拒绝。加入程序中制度性权力的生成机理可归结为市场及产业链整合对CPTPP成员谈判筹码的增加、CPTPP制度安排的内在吸引力、申请方最佳可替代方案的欠缺、CPTPP加入规则塑造的权力杠杆、美国影响力的间接传导等多方面影响因素的作用。受CPTPP成员制度性权力的影响,中国在申请加入CPTPP的过程中将面临较大阻碍。中国可通过与CPTPP成员展开双边谈判、扩大升级现有贸易协定、激发国内市场潜能、助推区域贸易协定加入规则的完善等多种途径,对成员制度性权力予以分散或化解,从而加速推动CPTPP加入进程。

The institutional power in CPTPP accession process refers to the power indirectly exercised by CPTPP members applicants through virtue of CPTPP rules and accession agreements. It can be manifested in the asymmetric agreement voluntarily reached by applicants and CPTPP members,or in the decision made by the CPTPP members not agreeing accession applications. The formation mechanism of institutional power in accession process can be attributed to the integration of market and supply chain which increases the bargaining chip of CPTPP members,enhances the attraction of CPTPP institutional arrangements,aggravates the lack of applicants’ BATNA,improves power leverage shaped by accession rules,and rises the indirect influence made by the United States. Affected by the institutional power of CPTPP members,China will have great obstacles in the process of applying for accession to the CPTPP. China can disperse or dissolve institutional power through bilateral negotiations with CPTPP members,expanding and upgrading existing trade agreements,stimulating the potential of domestic market,and improving rules of accession in regional trade agreements,so as to accelerate the CPTPP accession process.