2020—2021年度长三角地区医务人员流感疫苗接种意愿及其关联因素分析

Willingness of receiving influenza vaccine and its influencing factors among health care workers in Yangtze River Delta region from 2020 to 2021

目的分析2020—2021年度长三角地区医务人员流感疫苗接种意愿及关联因素。方法采用方便抽样法,于2020年7月至2021年3月在苏浙皖沪三省一市76家医院,根据医院等级、工作岗位选择医务人员,开展流感疫苗接种意愿的问卷调查,采用logistic回归模型分析接种意愿的关联因素。结果共1332名医务人员接受调查,男女性别比为1∶3.2,工作年限为(15.07±9.75)年,2019年接种过流感疫苗614名,接种率为46.09%,63.21%(842/1332)的医务人员愿意接种流感疫苗。logistic回归模型显示,一级医院的医务人员接种意愿高于二级医院(OR=0.573)和三级医院(OR=0.357);2019年度接种过流感疫苗的医务人员接种意愿高于未接种过流感疫苗(OR=0.226)和接种史不详(OR=0.228)的医务人员;防保科、保健科、感染科的医务人员的接种意愿比预检处、内外科门急诊、儿科、呼吸科等科室高(OR=1.670)。结论长三角地区医务人员流感疫苗接种意愿较高,但接种率较发达国家还有差距,应加强宣传教育,提高医务人员流感免疫水平。

Objective To analyze the willingness of receiving influenza vaccine and its influencing factors among health care workers(HCWs)in Yangtze River Delta region from 2020 to 2021.Methods Convenient sampling method was adopted.From July 2020 to March 2021,76 hospitals in Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Anhui and Shanghai provinces were selected according to the hospital level and job position,and a questionnaire survey was conducted on the willingness of receiving influenza vaccination.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of vaccination intention.Results A total of 1332 HCWs were investigated,with a ratio of male to female about 1∶3.2,and the length of working years was(15.07±9.75)years.A total of 614 HCWs had received influenza vaccine in 2019,with a vaccination rate of 46.09%.About 63.21%(842/1332)of HCWs were willing to be vaccinated with influenza vaccine.The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that the willingness of receiving influenza vaccine among HCWs in primary hospitals was higher than that in secondary hospitals(OR=0.573)and tertiary hospitals(OR=0.357).The willingness of HCWs who had received influenza vaccine in 2019 was higher than that of HCWs who had not received influenza vaccine(OR=0.226)and had unknown history of influenza vaccination(OR=0.228).The willingness of HCWs in departments of prevention,health care and infection was higher than that in departments of pre-examination,outpatient,emergency,pediatrics and respiratory(OR=1.670).Conclusion The willingness of receiving influenza vaccination among HCWs in Yangtze River Delta region is high,but it is still lower than that in developed countries.It is necessary to strengthen publicity and education to improve the influenza immunization level of HCWs.