溃疡性结肠炎相关性结直肠癌的危险因素及化学预防

Risk factors and chemoprophylaxis of ulcerative colitis-colorectal cancer

溃疡性结肠炎相关性结直肠癌(ulcerative colitis-colorectal cancer,UC-CRC)是溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)患者最严重的并发症之一,比散发性结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)预后更差、死亡率更高。多数UC-CRC经“炎症-上皮内瘤变-癌”途径发展而来,通过识别高危人群、合理监测,早期发现上皮内瘤变,以及积极预防极其重要。但目前关于UC癌变的危险因素以及可用于化学预防的药物尚无共识,本文结合国内外相关文献,就目前UC癌变的危险因素、化学预防药物进行阐述,以期为UC癌变的早预防、早发现、早诊断提供参考。

Ulcerative colitis-colorectal cancer(UC-CRC)is one of the most serious complications in patients with ulcerative colitis(UC),with worse prognosis and higher mortality than sporadic colorectal cancer(CRC).Since most UC-CRC developed through the"inflammation-dysplasia-carcinoma"approach,early detection of dysplasia through identification of high-risk groups reasonable monitoring and active prevention are extremely important.However,there is no consensus on the risk factors of UC carcinogenesis and the drugs that can be used for chemoprevention currently.This article combined with relevant literature at home and abroad,reviewed the current risk factors and chemopreventive drugs for UC carcinogenesis,in order to provide reference for early prevention,early detection and early diagnosis of UC-CRC.