农业废弃物不同配比的基质对黄瓜幼苗生长和基质特性的影响

Effect of Different Proportions of Agricultural Waste Substrate on Growth and Substrate Characteristics of Cucumber Seedlings

陕西省农业畜牧业生产规模较大,每年大量农业废弃物焚烧造成了环境污染,同时随着设施种植面积的不断扩大以及蔬菜的生产方式的转变,有机基质的需求量也在不断增加。为了更好的节本增效,实验以“津优35”黄瓜为实验对象,利用发酵完全的菇渣、牛粪、蛭石和珍珠岩为材料,按照不同体积比设置10个不同的处理,进行不同配比的有机基质对黄瓜幼苗生长影响和基质理化性质影响的研究。结果表明,基质配方为T9(菇渣∶牛粪∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=6.5∶1.5∶1∶1)时,幼苗地上部和地下部干鲜重显著高于对照,可形成壮苗,说明适宜配比的复合基质可作为培养黄瓜壮苗的育苗基质,为农业废弃物的合理利用奠定了基础。

A large scale of agricultural and animal husbandry production in Shaanxi province causes environmental pollution due to the incineration of a large amount of agricultural waste every year.At the same time,with the continuous expansion of facility planting area and the transformation of vegetable production methods,the demand for organic substrates is also increasing.In order to save cost and increase efficiency,"Jinyou 35"cucumber was taken as experimental object,fermented mushroom residue,cow dung,vermiculite and perlite were used as materials,10 different treatments were set upaccording to different volume ratios to study the effects of different ratios of organic substrates on the growth of cucumber seedlings and physicochemical properties of substrates.The results showed that when the substrate formula was T9(mushroom residue∶cow dung∶vermiculite∶Perlite=6.5∶1.5∶1∶1),the dry fresh weight of the aboveground and underground parts of the seedlings was significantly higher than that of the control,the seedlings were strong.The results indicated that the composite matrix with appropriate ratio could be used as the substrate for the cultivation of strong seedlings of cucumber.This study laid a foundation for the rational utilization of agricultural waste.