幼儿园儿童营养与健康状况调查及其影响因素研究

Investigation on Nutrition and Health Status of Kindergarten Children and Its Influencing Factors

目的 调查幼儿园儿童营养与健康状况并分析其影响因素。方法 回顾性选取2017年1月—2020年12月广东医科大学顺德妇女儿童医院某直管幼儿园儿童777例,分析2017—2020年幼儿园儿童营养与健康状况调查结果。结果 2017年、2018年、2019年、2020年身高等级中低比例逐渐降低(P<0.05),中上比例逐渐升高(P <0.05)。2017年、2018年、2019年、2020年体质量等级下比例逐渐降低(P <0.05)。2017年、2018年、2019年、2020年消瘦发生率逐渐降低(P<0.05)。2017年、2018年、2019年、2020年视力异常、龋齿发生率均逐渐升高,贫血发生率逐渐降低(P <0.05)。结论幼儿园儿童整体具有良好的体格发育状况,贫血得到了有效控制,但是肥胖、视力异常、龋病发生率仍然较高,值得临床充分重视。

Objective To investigate the nutrition and health status of kindergarten children and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 777 children in Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital of Guangdong Medical University from January 2017 to December 2020 were selected retrospectively,and the survey results of nutrition and health status o f kindergarten children from 2017 to 2020 were analyzed. Results The proportion of lower middle height gradually decreased in 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020(P < 0.05), and the proportion of upper middle height gradually increased(P < 0.05). The proportion of lower body mass gradually decreased in 2017, 2018, 2019and 2020(P < 0.05). The incidence of abnormal vision and dental caries increased gradually in 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020(P <0.05), and the incidence of anemia decreased gradually(P <0.05). Conclusion Kindergarten children have good physical development and anemia has been effectively controlled, but the incidence of obesity, abnormal vision and caries is still high, which is worthy of clinical attention.