人体骨骼数字孪生的构建方法及应用

Construction Method and Application of Human Skeleton Digital Twin

新一代智能制造中始终坚持以人为本的理念,其目的是要服务与满足人们的美好生活需求。人体数字孪生作为实现人机交互、健康监测的一种有效手段,通过由物理空间至虚拟空间的动态映射,实现在生产制造活动中人-机-环境的闭环交互。本文通过分析人-机-环境融合下的人体骨骼数字孪生的构建难点,基于机理模型、人工智能算法、数据填充技术、反向运动学技术四种关键技术,提出一种面向人体骨骼的数字孪生框架;并以人体腰椎为典型案例,实现了生产过程中人体腰椎力学性能的实时监测,从而验证了所提出框架和技术路线的可行性;最后,讨论“人本智造”下的人体数字孪生的难点和未来发展方向。面向复杂的人机交互环境,实现数字孪生的远距离感知、自主学习以及智能反馈是“人本智造”背景下的必经之路。基于“以人为本”的发展理念,在生产活动中提高人体数字孪生的进一步应用,从而促进智能制造的发展和完善。

The new generation of intelligent manufacturing always adheres to the “human-centred” concept, and its purpose is to serve and meet people’s needs for a better life. As an effective means to realize human-computer interaction and health monitoring, the human digital twin can realize dynamic mapping from physical space to virtual space for manufacturing activities. Analyzing the difficulties in the construction of the human digital twin under the integration of human-machine-environment based on four key technologies: mechanism model, artificial intelligence algorithm, data filling technology, and inverse kinematics technology, this paper proposed a novel digital twin framework for the mechanical performance of the human skeleton. The feasibility of the proposed framework and technical route is verified by taking the human lumbar spine as a typical case, which realizes the real-time monitoring of the human skeleton during the production process. Finally, the difficulties and future development directions of the human digital twin under "human-centred intelligent manufacturing" are discussed. The realization of remote perception, autonomous learning, and intelligent feedback of digital twins is an indispensable way in the context of “human-centred intelligence manufacturing” for the complex human-computer interaction. It’s excepted that this work can improve the further application of human digital twin based on the “human-centred” development concept, and promote the development and improvement of intelligent manufacturing.