综合气道护理在脑出血气管切开术后康复患者中的应用

Application of Comprehensive Airway Nursing in Rehabilitation of Patients with Cerebral Hemorrhage after Tracheotomy

目的探讨综合气道护理在脑出血气管切开术后康复患者中的应用效果。方法选取2020年9月至2021年4月新乡医学院第一附属医院收治的共计55例脑出血气管切开术后康复患者作为对照组,采用常规气道护理,选取2021年5月至2021年12月收治的共计55例脑出血气管切开术后康复患者作为干预组,采用综合气道护理。对两组恢复时间、临床症状评分、生活质量、并发症进行比较。结果干预组气管切开拔管时间、住院时间与对照组相比更短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后两组临床症状(刺激性咳嗽、痰液粘稠、呼吸道黏膜出血)评分降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预组较对照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后两组生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOL-74)评分提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预组较对照组更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组(3.64%)并发症发生率较对照组(18.18%)更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论脑出血气管切开术后康复患者采用综合气道护理,可缩短气管切开拔管时间、住院时间,缓解临床症状,促进生活质量的提高,降低并发症发生率。

Objective To explore the application effect of comprehensive airway nursing in rehabilitation of patients with cerebral hemorrhage after tracheotomy. Methods A total of 55 patients with cerebral hemorrhage treated by tracheotomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College from September 2020 to April 2021 were selected as the control group,and conventional airway nursing was adopted. A total of 55 patients with cerebral hemorrhage treated by tracheotomy from May 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the intervention group, and comprehensive airway nursing was adopted. The recovery time, clinical symptom scores, quality of life, and complications of the two groups were compared. Results In comparision of the control group, the time of tracheotomy extubation and hospital stay in the intervention group were shorter, with significant differences(P < 0.05). After the intervention, the scores of clinical symptom(irritating cough, thick sputum, respiratory mucosal bleeding) in the two groups were decreased, with significant differences(P < 0.05), and the intervention group was lower than the control group, with significant differences(P < 0.05). After the intervention, the GQOL-74 scores of the two groups were improved, with significant differences(P < 0.05), and in comparision of the control group, the intervention group was higher,with significant difference(P < 0.05). In comparision of the control group(18.18%), complication rate in the intervention group(3.64%) was lower, with significant difference(P < 0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive airway nursing can shorten the time of decannulation and hospitalization, alleviate clinical symptoms, promote the improvement of quality of life, and reduce the incidence of complications.