法秩序统一性视野下袭警罪的司法适用

Judicial Application of Crime of Attacking Police Under the Vision of the Unity of Legal Order

以《刑法修正案(十一)》新增的袭警罪的裁判文书为分析样本可知,袭警罪的司法适用存在亟待解决的诸多难题。造成此类难题的深层致因是刑法、监察法与刑事诉讼法等多个法域之间出现了相互矛盾样态,破坏了法秩序的统一性。此类矛盾和冲突主要表现为犯罪行为对象与监察对象的立法差异、袭警罪法律文本表达的模糊化、宽严相济刑事政策对刑罚影响的复杂性、司法实务办案人员的认识分歧等。为此,可以采取以下应对方案:一方面,以解释论为基础,尊重既有立法规则,对袭警罪的法律规则进行解释,并辨析认罪认罚从宽制度在袭警罪案件中的适用思路;另一方面,以立法论为导向,期待未来修法变化,在将来我国制定《警务辅助人员法》的前提下,调整袭警罪的规定并修改相关法律规范,以构建满足袭警罪司法适用需要的统一且有序的法律规范体系。

The Amendment(Ⅺ)to the Criminal Law,which added the Crime of Assaulting Police Officers(the CAPO),was officially implemented on March 1,2021.Taking the judgments as the samples,after focusing on several elements,it is found that there are some problems to be solved in the handling of the CAPO.The deep cause of such problems is the contradictory relationship between Criminal Law,Supervision Law,Criminal Procedure Law and other laws,undermining the unity of legal order,which are mainly reflected in the following aspects.In this regard,we should adopt the following dual countermeasures:on the one hand,on the basis of the interpretation theory,respect the existing legislative rules,that is,on the premise that the auxiliary police officials do not have the status of police;on the other hand,guided by the Legislation theory,we can look forward to future legislative changes,which means China will formulate the law of the Auxiliary Police Officials Law of the PRC in the future,so we will make targeted adjustments to the criminal law and modify relevant legal norms.Therefore,we can further improve the application mechanism between different legal systems,and meet the reform needs of the modernization of social governance.