海南省黎族医药传承现状调研

Investigation on the Status of Li Medicine Inheritance in Hainan Province

目的 了解海南黎族传统黎医药技术传承现状,分析黎医药传承及发展现状存在的问题并针对性地提出相应解决方案。方法 采用实地调研法及网络问卷调研法,通过实地调研法走访昌江县霸王岭地区、保梅岭地区及五指山市水满乡地区,采访当地多名知名传统黎医,了解黎医药技术的传承现状;通过网络问卷调研法,向校内外发放网络调查问卷,并限制IP填写次数,以了解以海南医学院中医类专业在读医学生为主体的海南省医学类高校中医类专业在读学生群体对黎医药的了解程度。结论 黎医分布偏远散在,诊疗环境落后、收入水平偏低,影响黎医坚持从业;黎医仍以家传为主,加之无文字记载,难以形成完整有效的传承体系;大众对黎医黎药认知度不高,缺乏民族医药文化宣传及以海南医学院中医类专业在读医学生为主体的海南省医学类高校中医类专业在读学生群体对黎医药的了解程度较低等传承现状及发展障碍。结论 黎医药现阶段面临的传承与发展的诸多障碍应当被重视,并采取相关的措施,促进黎医药良性传承与发展。

Objective To understand the current status of traditional Li medicine(TLM) inheritance of the Li nationality in Hainan, and analyze the problems existing in the inheritance and development of TLM and propose corresponding solutions. Methods The method of on-the-spot investigation and network questionnaire survey were adopted. Results Visited Bawangling area, Baomeiling area of Changjiang County, and Shuiman Township area of Wuzhishan City through field investigation, interviewed many well-known local traditional Li Medical doctors, and learned about the current status of the inheritance of TLM. Through online questionnaire survey method, awaring the understanding degree of TLM among the students of traditional Chinese medicine major in Hainan medical colleges and universities, students of TCM major in Hainan Medical University as the main body. Conclusion The remote and scattered distribution of Li Medical doctors, the backward diagnosis and treatment environment, and the low income level affects Li Medical doctors’ persistence in their career. Li Medical doctors still rely on family traditions mainly, and there is no written record, which makes it difficult to form a complete and effective inheritance system. The public do not know TLM well and lacking national medicine culture propaganda in current society. All of the above reasons have hindered the inheritance and development of TLM.