论中医肾主骨理论与骨质疏松症关系

Discussion on the Relationship between the Theory of“Kidney Governing Bone”and Osteoporosis in Traditional Chinese Medicine

骨质疏松症之疾病名称在中医文献中虽没有明确记载,但早在《黄帝内经》之中就有“骨痿”“骨枯”之类似于此病之独到论述,且其认为肾虚同骨痿、骨枯密切相关。骨的强弱决定于肾之精气。充盛之肾精,源生化之骨髓,充足之骨髓,则充养了骨骼,则有力坚劲的骨骼形成,强劳作并且耐久立,形成坚固的牙齿且脱落不易。若具有不足之肾精,则产生空虚之骨髓,失养之骨骼,在小儿可见发育生长迟滞不前,无力而骨软,发病“五迟”“五软”。在成人可因骨质疏松而痿软,见腰膝酸软,甚则足痿不能行走,即“骨痿”;骨髓乏源,骨骼失养而导致骨质疏松。老年则因髓减骨枯,还易发生骨折。文章通过对中医学“肾主骨”理论研究现状进行归纳,并结合现代医学骨质疏松病因病机以认识二者关系,以便于在科研、临床更好地开展中医药抗骨质疏松治疗。

Although there is no name of osteoporosis in traditional Chinese medicine literature,there are some records such as bone withering and atrophic debility of bones in Huangdi Neijing,and it is believed that bone withering and impotence are related to kidney deficiency.The strong and brittle bone is determined by the essence of the kidney.Kidney essence is full,bone marrow biochemical active,bone marrow is sufficient,bone is maintained,bone is strong.Durable and strong work,teeth are firm and not easy to fall off.If kidney essence is insufficient,bone marrow is empty,bone is out of nourishment,growth and development is slow in children,bone is soft and weak,and“five kinds of retardations”and“five kinds of flaccidity”appear.In adults,it can be impotent due to osteoporosis,see the waist and knee are weak,and even the foot impotence cannot walk,which is called“atrophic debility of bones”.Bone marrow is deficient,bone is out of nourishment and leads to osteoporosis.The old people are also prone to fracture because of the reduction of bone marrow.This paper summarizes the current situation of traditional Chinese medicine“kidney governing bone”theory,and combines with the pathogenesis of modern medicine osteoporosis to understand the relationship between them,so as to better carry out the anti-osteoporosis treatment of traditional Chinese medicine in scientific research and clinical application.