邻避设施社会风险演化及应对——基于网络分析视角

The Evolution and Response of Social Risks of NIMBY Facilities:Based on the Perspective of Network Analysis

邻避设施规划建设引发的社会风险会对项目建设、社会稳定和公共安全造成严重影响。运用网络分析法,以50例邻避事件为研究对象,总结出51个社会风险因子,构建邻避设施社会风险演化的网络模型,探讨网络的结构特征和风险防控策略选择。结果表明,邻避设施社会风险演化呈网络化模式,风险网络中存在关键风险节点以及与民众风险感知密切相关的风险簇,针对关键风险和传导型风险的防控策略能够快速瓦解风险网络和阻断风险演化。将邻避风险链拓展为社会风险网络,发现了传导型风险和部分关键风险因素在风险演化耦合中的重要作用,公共项目建设运营应重视公众感知风险和程序规范性等风险点,提升社会风险治理效率。

The social risks caused by NIMBY facilities planning and construction have a serious impact on project construction,social stability and public security.Using the network analysis method,we summarize 51 social risk factors by taking 50 NIMBY events as the research object.We also build a network model of social risk evolution of NIMBY facilities,and discuss the structural characteristics of the network and the selection of risk prevention and control strategies.The results show that the social risk evolution of NIMBY facilities is networked,and there are key risk nodes and risk clusters closely related to public risk perception in the risk network.The prevention and control strategies for key risks and transmitted risks can quickly collapse the risk network and block the risk evolution.This study expands the NIMBY risk chain into a social risk network,and finds that transmitted risks and some key risk factors play an important role in the coupling of risk evolution.Public project construction and operation should pay attention to public risk perception and procedural standardization,so as to improve the efficiency of social risk governance.