人类世批判的辩证生态观阐释

An Interpretation of the Dialectical Ecological View of Anthropocene Criticism

“人类世”一词自提出便广受争议。在生态危机日益显露的背景下,反思人类世概念及其相关话语发现,只有摆脱资本主义的束缚才能化解人类世危机。企图通过“速度”来实现资本超越的加速主义可能会反向加剧人类世的终结。因此,解决人类世危机需要再次回到生态批判。然而,现存的生态治理始终共识难寻。因而,为寻求人类世出路仍需重新思考马克思和恩格斯的资本批判,并在此基础上构建一个辩证生态观的新样态。这一新样态呈现出危机治理渐进、系统开放、人类与自然以及技术三者融合平衡的特征。最终,在辩证生态观的视域之下,人类世将走向人类“去中心化”、强调“嵌入性”与“主体性”的未来。

Anthropocene has been widely debated since its inception. Through reflecting on the concept of Anthropocene and its related discourses in the context of the increasingly exposed ecological crisis, it is found that the crisis of Anthropocene can be resolved only by breaking away from the shackles of capitalism. However, accelerationism which seeks to achieve capital transcendence through ‘speed’ may inversely exacerbate the end of Anthropocene. So addressing the Anthropocene crisis requires a return to ecological critique. However, the current ecological governance is always difficult to find consensus.Therefore, in order to find a way out of the Anthropocene crisis, it is still necessary to reconsider the capital criticism of Marx and Engels, and build a new mode of dialectical ecological view on this basis. This new mode presents the characteristics of a gradual management of crisis, an open system, and an integration and balance among the human beings, nature and technology. Ultimately, from the perspective of the dialectical ecological view, Anthropocene will move towards a future in which human beings are decentralized, emphasizing embeddedness and subjectivity.