生态科技创新的双重外部性及矫正机制研究

Research on the Double Externalities of Ecological Technology Innovation and Correction Mechanism

生态科技创新在技术扩散和环境保护方面存在双重外部性,导致其供给不足,因此有必要同时从技术扩散角度和环境保护角度设计矫正机制,提高生态科技创新的供给。本文建立多区域创新研发模型,从数理逻辑上分析双重外部性的扭曲效应和矫正机制,并基于全国2003—2018年城市数据建立空间计量模型验证矫正机制的效果。主要结论为:第一,相比非生态科技创新,生态科技创新面临更为严峻的供给不足问题;第二,知识产权保护和环保税可以矫正生态科技创新的外部性;第三,知识产权保护和环保税存在互补效应,两者共同作用可以进一步提高生态科技创新水平。

Ecological technological innovation has double externalities of technology diffusion and environmental improvement.The two externalities together cause the problem of insufficient supply of ecological technological innovation.Therefore,it is necessary to design a correction mechanism from the perspective of technological diffusion and environmental improvement at the same time.The paper establishes a multi-regional innovation research and development model,analyzes the distortion effect and correction mechanism of double externalities from the perspective of mathematical logic,and establishes a spatial regression model based on the national urban data from 2003 to 2018 to verify the effect of the correction method.The results show that:first,ecological technological innovation has a more severe problem of insufficient supply than non-ecological technological innovation.Second,intellectual property protection and environmental taxes can correct the externalities of ecological technological innovation.Third,there is a complementary effect between intellectual property protection and environmental protection tax,which together can further improve the level of ecological technological innovation.