分段加墩式台阶消能工消能特性研究

Study on Energy Dissipation Characteristics of Segmented Step Energy Dissipator with Energy Dissipation Pier

为了在有限空间内提高溢洪道的消能率,提出将实际工程分为若干个台阶+平直段的组合,并在平直段布置梯形消能墩的组合消能方式,采用数值模拟方法,研究了一组三段台阶+平直段的台阶消能工的消能特性。结果表明,分段加墩式台阶消能工消能率较高,消能墩的存在会影响局部水流流态,使墩后出现不同程度的壅水,同时提高掺气量,在墩处形成低流速区域;墩前出现局部高压区,墩顶及墩后会出现负压区;消能墩会使局部形成高湍流动能耗散区。结果可为空间及资金条件有限又对消能率有较高要求的溢洪道消能水利工程提供理论参考。

In order to improve the energy dissipation rate of spillway in limited space,the stepped spillway is divided into several steps and straight sections according to the actual working conditions,and the trapezoidal energy dissipation pier is arranged in the straight section.The influence of three steps and straight section on energy dissipation was studied by using the method of numerical simulation.The results show that the segmented stepped spillway has high energy dissipation rate.The existence of energy dissipation pier will make the local flow regime become chaotic,varying degrees of backwater will appear behind the pier,and the aeration will increase,and the low velocity area will be formed at the pier.Local high-pressure areas appear in front of the pier,and negative pressure areas appear at the top and behind the pier.The existence of pier will form a high turbulent kinetic energy dissipation region.This conclusion can provide a theoretical reference for spillway energy-dissipation water conservancy projects with limited space and capital conditions and high requirements for energy dissipation rate.