仿生印迹传感器在食品安全快速检测中的应用进展

Application progress of bionic imprinting sensor in the rapid detection of food safety

食品安全是关系国计民生的重大战略问题,建立高效检测危害物的分析方法是确保食品安全的重要途径。分子印迹是一种模拟生物大分子特异性识别的仿生技术,结合高灵敏传感检测方法所构建的仿生印迹传感器具有响应速度快、耐受性强、专一性好以及成本低等优势,已成为食品安全快检领域的研究热点。仿生印迹传感器已广泛用于肉品、蛋品、乳品、果蔬及饮水中危害物的定性定量监测。该文介绍了仿生印迹传感器的构建方法,包括涂覆法、原位聚合法、溶胶-凝胶法、电聚合法和表面印迹法等,总结了电化学、光学、质量和纳米酶仿生印迹传感器在农兽药残留、违禁添加物、重金属、微生物及其毒素监测中的应用,分析了不同样品对仿生印迹传感器检测性能的影响,提出了仿生印迹传感器的发展方向。仿生印迹传感器作为一种亲和仿生识别技术,融合多学科和多领域,具有广阔的发展前景,这方面的研究和进展将进一步充实食品安全快检的基础理论,拓展其实践应用价值。

Food safety is an important strategic issue concerning the national economy and people′s livelihood.In order to ensure food safety,it is of great significance to establish highly efficient analysis methods to identify hazardous substances.Molecular imprinting is a biomimetic technology that simulates the specific recognition of biological macromolecules.The biomimetic imprinted sensor,which is based on molecular imprinting and high-sensitivity sensing detection method,has the advantages of fast response,strong tolerance,good specificity and low cost,and has become a research hotspot in the field of rapid food safety detection.Biomimetic imprinted sensors have been widely used in qualitative and quantitative monitoring of hazardous substances in meat,eggs,dairy,fruits,vegetables,and drinking water.This paper introduced the construction methods of bionic imprinting sensors,including coating,in-situ polymerization,sol-gel,electropolymerization,and surface imprinting methods.Moreover,it summarized the applications of electrochemical,optical,quality,and nanoenzyme biomimetic imprinting sensors in the monitoring of pesticide and veterinary drug residues,prohibited additives,heavy metals,microorganisms,and toxins.It investigated the effects of different samples on the detection performance of biomimetic imprinting sensors and proposes the development direction of biomimetic imprinting sensors.As a kind of affinity bionic recognition technology,bionic imprinting sensor integrates many disciplines and fields and has broad prospects.The research and progress in this field will enrich the basic theory of rapid food safety detection and expand its practical application value.