海口城市建成环境对高峰期网约车通勤出行的影响——基于滴滴出行数据

THE IMPACT OF HAIKOU’S URBAN BUILT ENVIRONMENT ON ONLINE CAR-HAILING COMMUTING DURING PEAK HOURS:BASED ON DIDI TRAVEL DATA

网约车的普及重塑了居民的通勤行为。城市建成环境作为居民通勤出行的制约因素,是交通地理学的重要研究议题。采用海口市滴滴出行订单数据,刻画格网尺度的居民通勤时间与通勤距离的空间分异格局,并运用地理探测器分析城市建成环境对居民通勤出行的影响。结果表明:(1)早晚高峰通勤时间在空间上表现为中间集聚、四周分散的分布特征;早晚高峰通勤距离呈现梯度递增的圈层结构。(2)不同维度的建成环境因素对通勤时间和通勤距离的影响程度不一;其中距公交站距离、距市中心距离、职住比、道路邻近度是核心影响因素;人口密度、就业可达性、路网密度产生较为显著的影响。(3)从影响效应看,交通区位优越、职住趋于平衡、道路邻近度高、就业可达性好能引导网约车与多元交通协同发展。结果可为改善交通出行环境、优化居民通勤结构提供借鉴。

The popularity of online car-hailing has reshaped residents’ commuting behavior, and the urban built environment profoundly affects residents’ commuting travel. However, the current academic circles pay more attention to the impact of the urban built environment on traditional commuting modes such as bus,subway, and car. To address this gap in the literature, this paper depicts the spatial differentiation pattern of residents’ commuting time and commuting distance on a grid-scale in Haikou and uses Geodetector to analyze the influence of the urban built environment factors and their interaction on residents’ commuting travel.The results show that the average commuting time in the morning and evening peaks is 9.01 minutes and8.79 minutes. Secondly, different built environment factors have distinct effects on commuting time and distance. Thirdly, from the perspective of impact effect, the influence of distance, diversity, design, destination accessibility, and density on commuting time decrease in turn. Finally, superior transportation location, the balance of jobs and housing, high road proximity, and good job accessibility can guide the coordinated development of online car-hailing and diversified transportation.