PDCA模型在科技项目全流程质量管理的应用——以广东省重点领域研发计划项目管理为例

Application of PDCA Model in the Whole-process Quality Management of Science and Technology Programs:Taking Key-area R&D Program Management in Guangdong Province as an Example

我国尚未形成针对重大科技专项不同阶段的标准化文件或质量管理体系。为促进我国的科技项目管理实现全流程质量管理,保证管理适用、高效、有效益以及可持续,在梳理对比国内外依托专业机构形成的科技项目全流程管理机制的基础上,以广东省重点领域研发计划项目管理为例,依据PDCA循环理论,结合广东省科技计划项目管理特点及相关政策体系,建立以“项目计划—项目决策—过程监督—分析反馈”为主线的科技项目全流程质量管理体系。研究提出科技项目全流程质量管理模式涵括项目计划、项目决策、过程监督和分析反馈四大阶段,在项目计划阶段制定适用于科技计划管理的通用管理、技术以及工作标准;决策阶段以开展项目评审为核心任务;实施阶段着重开展项目执行过程的动态监测、风险识别评估及防范、标准化评价体系建立等工作;分析反馈阶段围绕组织实施绩效评价以及专项管理工作后评价开展工作。并从完善信息化管理机制、建立风险管控机制、实施项目专员制和开展标准化建设等方面提出进一步优化、完善科技项目全流程质量管理建议。

China has not yet formed standardized documents or quality management systems for different stages of major science and technology projects.In order to promote the science and technology project management to achieve full process quality management and ensure the management is applicable,efficient,effective and sustainable,on the basis of combing and comparing the full process management mechanisms of science and technology projects formed by relying on professional institutions at home and abroad,taking the management of R&D plan projects in key fields of Guangdong province as an example,according to PDCA cycle theory,combining the characteristics of Guangdong science and technology plan project management and relevant policy systems,a whole process quality management system of science and technology projects with the main line of"project plan-project decision-process supervision-analysis feedback"has been established.It is proposed that the whole process quality management mode of science and technology projects includes four stages:project plan,project decision,process supervision and analysis feedback.In the project plan stage,general management,technology and work standards should be formulated;in the project decision stage,project review should be the core task;in the process supervision stage,it is necessary to focus on dynamic monitoring,risk identification,estimation and prevention,and establish standardized evaluation system in the project implementation process;in the analysis feedback stage,work should be carried out around the organization and implementation of performance evaluation and post evaluation of special management work.Furthermore,it puts forward suggestions on further optimizing and improving the whole process quality management of science and technology projects from the aspects of improving the information management mechanism,establishing the risk control mechanism,implementing the project specialist system and carrying out standardization construction.