大视场光学显微成像技术

Large field-of-view optical microscopic imaging technology

光学显微成像技术具有实时性、高分辨率和非侵入性等特点,其成像尺度可跨越细胞、组织乃至生命体,极大地拓展了人们对生命本质的认识边界。然而,受限于光学显微成像系统有限的空间带宽积(Space-Bandwidth Product,SBP),常规的光学显微镜难以同时兼具大视场和高分辨率,使得显微成像在大视场生物成像应用中受到较大的限制,例如,对脑神经网络以突触为单位的神经回路成像。近年来,大视场光学显微成像技术得到不断的发展,其SBP的视场相较于传统的光学显微镜有了十倍甚至百倍的提升,在保持高分辨率的基础上拓展了成像视场,从而可以满足生物医学领域重大问题的研究需求。本文介绍了近年来几种典型的大视场光学显微成像技术及其生物医学应用,并对其未来发展做了展望。

With the characteristics of real-time, high-resolution and non-invasive, optical microscopy can scale from cells, tissues to whole living organisms, which has greatly expanded our understanding to the nature of life. However, due to the limited Space-Bandwidth Product(SBP), it is hard for a conventional optical microscope to achieve a large field of view with a high resolution. This makes it very difficult for microscopic imaging in large field of view biological imaging applications, such as imaging of neural circuits between the synapse of the brain neural networks. Recently, large field-of-view imaging technology has received increasing attention and experienced rapid development. The SBP has been improved ten times or even a hundred times as compared to a traditional optical microscope and the field-of-view has been expanded without sacrificing resolution, which, in turn, has resolved some major problems in biomedical research.This review introduces the progress, characteristics and corresponding biological applications of several typical trans-scale optical imaging techniques in recent years, and gives an outlook on their future development.