氡气暴露后对机体肺功能及金属元素含量的影响

Effects of radon exposure on lung function and metal balance in mice

目的:探索暴露于高浓度氡气后对机体肺功能的影响及金属元素水平的扰动。方法:按随机数表法将小鼠分为对照组、氡暴露30 WLM组、60 WLM组、120 WLM组,每组10只。达到累积剂量后,用无创肺功能检测仪检测小鼠肺功能,采集各组小鼠血样、肺、心脏、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏组织。HE染色观察染氡小鼠肺组织病理改变,用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)检测组织中金属元素含量,包括机体必需微量元素:铬(Cr)、钼(Mo)、钴(Co)、硒(Se)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、锰(Mn)、镍(Ni),以及具有潜在毒性的元素:砷(As)、锡(Sn)、铅(Pb)、铝(Al)、汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)、银(Ag)的含量。结果:与对照组相比,染氡组小鼠肺通气功能降低,肺泡结构破坏,肺部金属元素Cr、Al、Pb、Sn(F=0.34、0.66、3.14、1.16,P<0.05)以及血液中必需微量元素Mn、Cr、Zn、Mo(F=0.65、1.44、0.97、2.08,P<0.05)含量降低,而肺部Cu、Mo、Se、As元素升高(F=1.31、1.26、0.81、2.04,P<0.05),其余组织中元素含量也有波动。结论:吸入一定累积剂量的氡气会降低小鼠的肺通气功能,破坏肺泡结构,并使肺和血液中必需微量元素含量降低,体内金属元素含量出现波动。

Objective To explore the disturbance of metal element balance in mice after exposure to radon.Methods Mice were randomly divided into control group,radon exposure of 30 WLM group,60 WLM group and 120 WLM groups,with 10 mice in each group.After radon exposure with the cumulative dose,the lung function of mice was detected by a non-invasive pulmonary function testing instrument.Mice blood was taken from eyeballs.The lungs,heart,liver,kidney and spleen were also collected.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue.Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)was used to detect the content of metal elements,including essential trace elements in the body:chromium(Cr),molybdenum(Mo),cobalt(Co),selenium(Se),copper(Cu),zinc(Zn),manganese(Mn),nickel(Ni),and potentially toxic elements:arsenic(As),tin(Sn),lead(Pb),aluminum(Al),mercury(Hg),cadmium(Cd),and silver(Ag).Results Compared with the control group,lung ventilation function of the radon-exposed mice was decreased,alveolar structure was destroyed,and the contents of pulmonary metal elements Cr,Al,Pb,Sn(F=0.34,0.66,3.14,1.16,P<0.05)and essential trace elements Mn,Cr,Zn,and Mo in the blood were decreased(F=0.65,1.44,0.97,2.08,P<0.05),while the elements of Cu,Mo,Se and As in the lungs were increased(F=1.31,1.26,0.81,2.04,P<0.05),and the element contents in other tissues also fluctuated.Conclusions Inhalation of a certain cumulative dose of radon can reduce the lung ventilation function of mice and induce lung inflammation,as well reduce the content of essential trace elements in the lung and blood so that the content of metal elements in the body fluctuates.