图们江口区域的水禽栖息地适宜性评价

Suitability Evaluation of the Tumen River Estuary Area as Waterfowls Habitats

以图们江口区域作为研究区,运用合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术,获取2021年研究区的数字高程数据;采用面向对象分类方法,利用2021年的Sentinel-1A合成孔径雷达影像和Sentinel-2B多光谱影像数据,对研究区的地物进行遥感分类;选取水源丰富度、人类活动干扰因素、食物丰富度和水禽栖息地遮蔽条件的相关指标,建立水禽栖息地适宜性评价指标体系;采用熵值法和层次分析法,确定各指标权重;根据计算出的栖息地适宜性指数,评价图们江口区域的水禽栖息地适宜性。研究结果表明,在研究区中,俄罗斯境内的哈桑区沿海湿地、朝鲜境内的晚浦、东藩浦和西藩浦及其周边湿地、中国境内的敬信湿地是适宜性最好或者良好的水禽栖息地。

The digital elevation data studied in 2021 have been obtained through taking the Tumen River estuary area as study area, applying the technology of synthetic aperture radar interferometry. The remote sensing classification of features in the study area was carried out with the object-oriented classification method, and utilizing the Sentinel-1A synthetic aperture radar image and Sentinel-2B multispectral image data in 2021. The suitability evaluation index system of waterfowl habitat has been established by selecting the water situation, the human activity disturbance degree, food abundance and shelter conditions of waterfowls habitat. The weights of indexes were determined with entropy and analytic hierarchy process methods. Based on the calculated habitat suitability indexes, the suitability of the Tumen River estuary area as waterfowl habitats was evaluated. The research results showed that the coastal wetlands of Khasansky District in Russia,Lake Man, Lake Sobon, Lake Tongbon and their surrounding wetlands in North Korea, as well as Jingxin wetlands in China were the best or good waterfowl habitats in the study area.