区域工业绿色转型试点、财政压力与制造业低碳发展

Green Transformation Policy of Regional Industries, Fiscal Pressure and Low-Carbon Development of Urban Manufacturing

推动制造业低碳发展是实现“双碳”目标的重点和难点。基于能源效率、能源强度、能源结构和二氧化碳排放的综合视角,本文测算了城市层面制造业及各细分行业的低碳发展水平。在此基础上,采用双重差分法考察了区域工业绿色转型试点政策对制造业低碳发展的效应以及财政压力在其中的影响。研究发现:区域工业绿色转型试点能够有效推动制造业低碳发展,一系列的稳健性检验均支持该结论。检验表明,提升环境规制政策执行效率、降低制造业绿色技术的研发成本和提高市场主体间的技术协作效率是促进制造业低碳发展的重要机制。与此同时,地方政府财政压力的增加抑制了区域工业绿色转型试点效应的有效发挥。当财政压力较大时,试点政策效果的持续性也有所削弱,长期促进作用有限。在制造业低碳发展的技术进步路径选择上,区域工业绿色转型试点激励了制造业技术由外部依赖转向自主研发创新并提高了国内技术引进率。

Promoting the low-carbon development of manufacturing industry is important in pursuing the carbon goal.Based on the comprehensive perspective of energy efficiency,energy intensity,energy structure and carbon dioxide emission,this paper calculates the low-carbon development index,and uses DID method to investigate the effect of the pilot policy of green transformation of regional industry on the low-carbon development of manufacturing industry and the impact of fiscal pressure.The research found that the regional industrial green transformation policy was significantly positively related to the low-carbon development of urban manufacturing industry,and a series of robustness tests supported this conclusion.The policy has enhanced local government’s enforcement of environmental regulations on manufacturing,reduced R&D cost of green technologies in manufacturing and improved technology collaboration efficiency.Local government’s fiscal pressure inhibits the effective role of the policy.When fiscal pressure is too great,the sustainability of the pilot policy effect is also weakened.On the choice of technological progress path for low-carbon transformation,the policy has encouraged manufacturing industries to shift from external technological dependence to independent R&D and innovation,and improved the domestic technology introduction rate.