青年全科医师科研素养及培训需求调查

Research competence and training needs of young general practitioners

目的基于科研素养发展框架对青年全科医师科研素养现状及培训需求展开调研,为相关培训及评价提供依据。方法2020年12月,方便抽取广东省深圳和粤东地区住院医师规范化培训基地各1所,采用自行设计的《青年全科医师科研素养调查问卷》对从事或参与全科医学临床工作的青年医师进行调研,了解其科研素养现状及培训需求。结果共纳入研究172名青年全科医师。(1)科研态度与科研经历方面,认为“参与科研”及“科研素养”重要者分别占75.6%(130人)及76.2%(131人);但仅11.9%(21人)曾参与过科研项目,81.0%(17人)承担数据收集工作。(2)循证医学基础评分为24.00(21.00,28.00)分,大部分受访者“碰到问题会查找文献”(95人,55.2%)以及“使用国内数据库”(77人,43.7%);科研能力自评评分为14.00(12.00,17.00)分,评分较低;科研培训需求评分为41.00(31.00,49.50)分,“科研选题、科研设计、统计分析、组织实施、论文撰写”得分普遍较高(中位评分7.00~8.00分)。(3)不同学历和参与对象的循证医学基础和科研能力自评量表总分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。订单定向培养的青年全科医师循证医学基础评分较非订单定向者高;女性科研培训需求均分较男性更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论青年全科医师科研项目参与和组织管理经验不足,他们对科研素养自我评价较低,但个人效能普遍较高。建议为青年全科医师制定相应的培训内容和组织合理的干预措施。

Objective To investigate the research competence and training needs of young general practitioners(GPs)in Guangdong province.Methods A questionnaire survey on research competence and training needs was conducted in December 2020 among GPs from one selected economically developed area and one selected less developed area in Guangdong Province.Results A total of 172 young GPs were included in the study.The survey showed that 75.6%(130/172)and 76.2%(131/172)respondents thought that participation in scientific research and research literacy were important,but only 11.9%(21/172)had participated in research project,among whom 81.0%(17/21)undertook data collection.The basic score of evidence-based medicine was 24.00(21.00,28.00),and 55.2%respondents(95/172)were able search literature when they encountered problems and 43.7%(77/172)used domestic databases.The self-assessment score of scientific research ability was 14.00(12.00,17.00),the score of research training needs was 41.00(31.00,49.50),and the scores of"scientific research topic selection,scientific research design,statistical analysis,organization and implementation,and paper writing"were generally high.There was significant difference in the total scores of the two scales of evidence-based medicine basis and scientific research ability self-assessment among respondents with different educational background(P<0.05).The basic score of evidence-based medicine of orientation-trained GPs was higher than that of non-orientation-tranined GPs;the average score of research training needs in female respondents was higher than that in males(P<0.05).Conclusions The study suggests that young general practitioners have inadequate experience in research participation and organization,and low self-ratings of research competence,but generally high personal efficacy in research.It is recommended that appropriate training content and well-organized intervention should be developed for young GPs.