战场肢体创伤出血止血自救装置设计

Design of hemostatic self-rescue device for bleeding limbs on the battlefield

目的研制一款便于战场上肢体创伤出血伤员快速止血自救的装置,降低战场肢体创伤出血的致死率和致残率。方法此止血自救装置一套4个,在战斗员执行任务前固定于四肢上端,内有可瞬间产生大量氮气的产气装置和与产气装置开关偶联的微型计时器,产气装置可瞬时产生大量氮气充满四肢上端的袖带,通过压迫肢体肌肉,闭塞股动脉和/或肱动脉,达到止血自救目的,与此同时,微型计时器开始计时,为救援人员进一步救治提供信息参考,此装置宽于传统止血带,质地较软,可有效减少皮肤挤压伤的发生,质量较轻,对战斗员战斗状态的影响很小。结果此止血自救装置可在0.3 s内实现伤员的止血自救,止血同时记录止血时间,有效地避免皮肤挤压伤,整套装置质量约1 kg,对战斗员战斗状态的影响很小。结论此止血自救装置对于降低战场上肢体创伤出血的致死率和致残率、提升部队战斗信心、保障部队赢得胜利具有十分重要的意义。

Objective To develop a quick hemostatic self-rescue device for the wounded with bleeding limbs on the battlefield,so as to reduce the fatality rate and disability rate due to bleeding.Methods A set of hemostatic self-rescue device has four pieces suited for the four limbs.They are fixed on the top of the arms and thighs before a task.Gas-generating device can generate a large amount of nitrogen instantaneously to aerate the gasbags intertwined around the limbs,blocking the arteria brachialis or arteria cruralis by oppressing limb muscles.Simultaneously,the micro timer starts to provide information for rescue workers for further treatment.The device is wider than the traditional tourniquet and has a soft texture,which can effectively reduce the occurrence of skin crush injury.It is so light that it has little influence on the combat status of the fighters.Results This hemostatic self-rescue device can achieve hemostatic self-rescue of the wounded within 0.3 s,stop bleeding and record the hemostatic time at the same time,which effectively avoid skin crush injury.The mass of the whole device is about 1 kg,so it has little influence on the combat status of the fighters.Conclusion This hemostatic self-rescue device plays a significant role in reducing the fatality rate and disability rate of limb trauma bleeding on the battlefield,improving the fighting confidence of troops,and ensuring the success of the fight.