内燃机全柔性可变配气技术研究现状与发展趋势展望

Research status and development trend of fully flexible variable valve train for internal combustion engines

在能源紧缺、环境污染和全球变暖迫切的压力下,发展高效、清洁的内燃机技术意义重大.全柔性可变配气机构(FVVT)通过运动伺服控制实现气门运动规律的独立、实时、连续化调节功能,正逐渐成为未来高效内燃机的关键执行部件.分析国内外全柔性可变配气机构的发展历程及研究现状,对比电磁、电液、电气、电机4类不同驱动方案下的结构创新设计、工作原理与性能特点;从提升全可变配气机构性能的角度出发,讨论了其优化设计与运动控制方法,并对其中的多场耦合分析、多学科优化设计、控制算法设计等关键技术进行总结,为今后进一步提升全可变配气机构性能与设计水平提供了参考;最后,对全可变配气机构的发展前景进行了展望:高效节能、快响应、高精度是今后发展的方向.

The development of efficiency and clean internal combustion engine technology have great significance under the urgent pressure of energy shortage,environmental pollution and global warming.Fully flexible variable valve train(FVVT)is gradually becoming a key executive part of future high efficiency internal combustion engines,which realizes independent,real-time and continuous adjustment of valve motion law through servo control.In this paper,the development history and research status of FVVT at home and abroad are summarized,and the innovative structure design,working principle and performance characteristics under four different driving schemes of electromagnetic,electrohydraulic,electropneumatic and rotary motor are compared and analyzed.From the perspective of improving the performance of fully flexible variable valve trains,the optimization design and motion control methods were discussed and the multi-physics coupling analysis,multidisciplinary optimization design and control algorithm design were summarized,which provides reference for further improving the performance and design level of fully variable valve trains.Furthermore,the development prospect of the fully flexible variable valve train is prospected:high efficiency,energy conservation,fast response,high precision is the direction of future development.