四川省118家家具制造企业滑石粉尘卫生管理现状分析

Analysis on the present situation of sanitary management of talc dust in 118 furniture manufacturing enterprise in Sichuan Province

目的了解四川省家具制造企业滑石粉尘水平并探究其相关卫生现状。方法以四川省118家家具制造企业为调查对象,数据来自某职业卫生技术服务机构2017-2019年的职业病危害现状评价资料,按企业规模对企业滑石粉尘水平及相关卫生现状进行统计分析。结果滑石粉尘浓度超标率为63.6%,企业产尘设备密闭化和工艺湿式化比例为6.8%和3.4%;大中型企业滑石粉尘暴露人员在岗职业健康检查率最高,为30.8%,小型企业最低为9.3%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=172.10,P<0.01);其他职业卫生管理指标执行率为46.6%~100.0%,大中型企业执行较好,微型企业较差。结论四川省家具制造企业滑石粉尘浓度超标严重,职业卫生管理工作较薄弱,应加强其职业卫生管理工作的执行及监督力度。

Objective To understand the exposure level of talc dust and explore its related health status in furniture manufacturing enterprises in Sichuan Province.Methods All of the 118 furniture manufacturing enterprises in Sichuan Province were investigated,and the evaluation data of occupational hazards during 2017 to 2019 was collected from an occupational health technical service agency.The difference of exposure level of talc dust and its related health status were compared among enterprises with different sizes.Results Our results indicated that the over-standard rate of talc dust was 63.6%.The proportion of equipment airtight and production process wet-type was 6.8%and 3.4%,respectively.The rate of on-the-job occupational health examination of workers exposed to talc dust in large and medium-sized enterprises(30.8%)was higher than that in small enterprises(9.30%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=172.10,P<0.01).The implementation rate of other occupational health management in enterprises fluctuated between 46.6%to 100.0%,and the situation in the large and medium-sized enterprises were much better than that in micro enterprises.Conclusions The over-standard rate of talc dust in furniture manufacturing enterprises in Sichuan Province was relatively high,and the implementation of health management systems was poor.Therefore,the implementation and supervision of occupational health management should be strengthened.