模拟月尘与典型金属材料摩擦磨损特性试验

Experiment on friction and wear characteristics between simulated lunar dust and typical metal materials

为研究模拟月尘与典型金属材料的摩擦磨损特性,以吉林省辉南县金川镇火山灰作为原料,制备了JLU-D1、JLU-D2、JLU-D3三种模拟月尘。选用不锈钢、铝合金、铜合金3种金属作为被磨试样,利用UMT试验机进行了摩擦磨损试验,分析了模拟月尘摩擦后3种材料的磨损形貌、摩擦因数、磨痕深度和磨损量。通过测试发现:铝合金、铜合金、不锈钢的磨损最大深度差值量分别为74.05、27.73、15.25μm;铝合金、铜合金、不锈钢的摩擦因数分别为0.2262~0.2835、0.1545~0.1855、0.4198~0.4958;当加入月尘后铝合金、铜合金、不锈钢的磨损量分别增大50%、28.6%、97%。结果表明:3种材料受月尘磨损较严重的为铝合金,其次为铜合金,最后为不锈钢;初始摩擦因数与金属材料的强度、硬度无明显关联,不锈钢材料的摩擦因数最大,铝材料的摩擦因数大于铜材料;小粒径月尘对典型金属表面的摩擦磨损较大粒径月尘更为严重。

In order to study the friction and wear characteristics of simulated lunar dust and typical metal materials,three kinds of simulated lunar dust,JLU-D1,JLU-D2 and JLU-D3,were prepared from volcanic ash in Jinchuan Town,Huinan County,Jilin Province.Three metals,stainless steel,aluminum alloy and copper alloy,were selected as the samples to be worn.The friction and wear tests were carried out using the UMT tester.The wear morphology,friction coefficient,wear scar depth and wear amount of the three materials after simulated lunar dust friction were analyzed.The results show that the maximum wear depth difference of aluminum alloy,copper alloy,and stainless steel is 74.05μm,27.73μm,and15.25μm,respectively.The friction coefficients of aluminum alloy,copper alloy,and stainless steel are(0.2262~0.2835),(0.1545~0.1855),and(0.4198~0.4958),respectively.The wear of aluminum alloy,copper alloy,and stainless steel increases by 50%,28.6%,and 97%,respectively.The results show that aluminum alloy,copper alloy,and stainless steel are the most severely worn materials by lunar dust.The initial friction coefficient has no obvious correlation with the strength and hardness of metal materials.The friction coefficient of stainless steel is the largest,and that of aluminum is greater than that of copper.The friction and wear of small particle size lunar dust on the typical metal surface is more serious than that of large particle size lunar dust.