厌氧消化对抗生素抗性基因消减作用研究进展

Research Progress in Removal of Antibiotic Resistance Genes by Anaerobic Digestion

由于抗生素滥用而诱导出的抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)是一类新型环境污染物。ARGs在环境中的传播和扩散能力极强,其能够使细菌产生耐药性,对环境具有极大的生态风险,因此必须消减或去除环境中的ARGs。厌氧消化(AD)是一种将有机废弃物进行资源化利用且应用非常广泛的重要技术。研究表明,有机废弃物中很多抗性基因在AD处理后的丰度明显下降,说明AD过程对ARGs具有一定的去除效果。因此,AD可在转化有机废弃物为清洁能源的同时能够消减ARGs,对ARGs在环境中的传播扩散具有一定的控制作用。结合最新研究对AD消减ARGs的影响因素进行了成果总结,其中包括发酵条件设定、物料预处理、促进剂和抑制剂等因素,为AD高效消减ARGs提供理论参考。

Antibiotics resistance genes(ARGs)induced by antibiotic abuse is a new type of environmental pollutants.ARGs which can develop drug resistance for bacteria are spreading widely in the environment.Considering the enormous ecological risk,ARGs must be cut down,and removed from environment.Anaerobic digestion(AD)which has been widely used in organic waste treatment is an important organic waste-recycling technology.Studies showed that the abundance of many ARGs decreased significantly after AD,which proved the removal effect of AD on ARGs.Therefore,AD not only can convert organic waste to clean energy but also can annihilate ARGs,thus controlling ARGs’spread in the environment in certain ways.In this paper,the recent research advances in the removal of antibiotic resistance genes by AD was reviewed,involving the AD materials pretreatment,setting of fermentation condition,and the effects of the additives(accelerator,inhibitor)and so on.Hopefully,the review would lend theoretical references for the high-efficient removal of ARGs in the environment.