上海市闵行区社区老年人抑郁与体力活动的关系探究

Research on the Relationship between Depression and Physical Activity in the Community Elderly

目的了解上海市闵行区社区老年人抑郁发生率,探讨老年人抑郁与体力活动及其不同类型(体育锻炼、家务劳动和工作劳动)的关系。方法2019年7-8月,采用随机整群抽样方法在闵行区莘庄镇开展横断面调查,共获得2518份有效问卷。通过协变量调整,使用Logistic回归模型分析老年人抑郁与体力活动及其不同类型的关系。结果受访老年人以女性(55.80%)、60~69岁(51.83%)、初中以上(38.32%)、与他人同住(92.41%)、退休金在2000~5000元之间(69.50%)、不吸烟(84.83%)和不饮酒(84.03%)的老年人为主。受访老年人中2181名无抑郁,老年人的抑郁检出率为13.38%。在调整社会人口学特征因素后,结果显示,总体力活动水平越高,越不容易抑郁(OR=1.007,95%CI=1.005~1.010,P<0.001)。不同类型体力活动结果与体力活动总分类似:体育锻炼得分(OR=1.027,95%CI=1.019~1.036,P<0.001)、家务得分(OR=1.005,95%CI=1.003~1.008,P<0.001)、工作得分(OR=1.038,95%CI=1.003~1.075,P=0.032)的差异均有统计学意义,在加入协变量调整后,结果趋势仍未有显著变化,不同类型的活动运动水平越高,越不容易抑郁。结论社区老年人进行体力活动乃至不同类型的体力活动能显著减低罹患抑郁的概率,建议促进老年人进行体育锻炼预防老年抑郁,还可设计其他类型的体力活动干预措施,如家务活动或志愿者活动等来预防老年抑郁。

Objective To describe the prevalence of late-life depression(Lld)and to explore the relationship between lld and physical activity and its different types(physical exercise,housework,and labor).Methods From July to August 2019,a cross-sectional survey used a random cluster sampling method was conducted in Xinzhuang town,Minhang district as sample points.A total of 2518 valid questionnaires were obtained.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between depression in the elderly and physical activity and its different types.Results The elderly interviewed were mainly female(55.80%),60-69 years old(51.83%),above junior high school(38.32%),living with others(92.41%),pension between 2000-5000 yuan(69.50%),non-smoking(84.83%)and non drinking(84.03%).The detection rate of depression in the elderly was 13.38%.After the adjustment,the results showed that the higher the level of physical activity,the lower the detection rate of depression(OR=1.007,95%CI=1.005-1.010,P<0.001).And the results of each sub-dimension in physical activity were similar to the total score of physical activity.Physical exercise(OR=1.027,95%CI=1.019-1.036,P<0.001),housework(OR=1.005,95%CI=1.003-1.008,P<0.001)and work activities(OR=1.038,95%CI=1.003-1.075,P=0.032)were statistically significant.The higher the level of different types of activities,the less prone to depression which were statistically significant.Conclusion Physical activity and its different subtypes can significantly reduce the probability of depression of the community-dewelling elderly,which suggests that we can not only encourage the elderly to do physical exercise to prevent depression,but also othe r types of physical activities such as housework or volunteer activities.