北京市缺血性脑卒中复发高危患者健康信念及二级预防现状调查

Investigation on Health Belief and Secondary Prevention Status of Patients at High Risk of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke in Beijing

目的调查北京市缺血性脑卒中复发高危患者的健康信念及二级预防现状,为缺血性脑卒中复发防治提供参考。方法以北京市5所街道的社区卫生服务中心为调查对象的来源区域,对820名缺血性脑卒中复发高危患者进行调查,采用自制问卷调查其一般资料、健康信念[简化Champion健康信念量表(CHBMS)条目]及二级预防现状(服药及日常行为、二级预防整体知识水平),并以多元线性回归分析健康信念与二级预防现状的关系。结果CHBMS条目均分为(3.79±0.32)分,以感知健康行为的益处维度得分最高,感知疾病严重性维度分值最低,有326(81.50%)例CHBMS条目均分≥3分;二级预防服药及日常行为、二级预防整体知识水平评分分别为(80.88±7.57)分、(11.30±1.46)分;多元线性回归分析显示,婚姻状况、学历、家庭人均月收入水平、疾病首发时间、健康信念与二级预防服药及日常行为评分显著相关(P<0.05);学历、家庭人均月收入、疾病首发时间、随访情况、健康信念与二级预防整体知识水平评分显著相关(P<0.05)。结论北京市缺血性脑卒中复发高危患者总体健康信念处于中等水平,且健康信念与日常行为、二级预防整体知识水平密切相关,婚姻状况、学历、家庭人均月收入等因素与日常行为、二级预防整体知识水平的关系也应引起临床重视。

Objective To investigate the health belief and secondary prevention status of patients at high risk of recurrent ischemic stroke in Beijing,so as to provide reference for prevention and treatment of recurrent ischemic stroke in the city.Methods The respondents were from 5 street health service centers,and about 820 patients with high risk of recurrent ischemic stroke were surveyed.Self-made questionnaires were used to investigate their general information,health belief(the simplified Champion's Health Belief Model Scale[CHBMS]),and secondary prevention status(medication and daily behaviors,and overall knowledge of secondary prevention).Multiple linear regression analysi s was performed to analyze the relationship between health belief and secondary prevention status.Results The average score of CHBMS was(3.79±0.32)points.The score of perceived benefit of health behavior was the highest,and the score of perceived severity was the lowest.The average scores of 326(81.50%)items in CHBMS were higher than 3 points.The scores of medication and daily behaviors,and overall knowledge of secondary prevention were(80.88±7.57)points and(11.30±1.46)points.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status,education level,family monthly income per capita,first onset time,and health belief were significantly related to medication and daily behavior scores of secondary prevention(P<0.05).Education level,family monthly income per capita,first onset time,follow-up,and health belief were significantly related to the overall knowledge score of secondary prevention.Conclusion The overall health belief of patients at high risk of recurrent ischemic stroke in Beijing is at a middle level.Health belief is closely related to daily behaviors and overall knowledge of secondary prevention.The relationship of factors such as marital status,education level and family monthly income per capita with daily behaviors and overall knowledge of secondary prevention is worthy of clinical attention.