战现场急救装备的改进与研发思考

Improvement and development of first aid equipment on the battlefield

目的通过对战现场急救装备使用中的问题分析,进行装备的研发与改进。方法对现有装备使用中的问题进行总结,查阅相关文献,与技术人员合作针对存在的问题,进行改进设计。结果从骨内输液装备、胸腔穿刺针和急救背囊三个方面阐述了现有装备存在的问题,提出了技术改进要点,研制了一种胫骨穿刺针固定及穿刺针创口按压装置、一种具有单向排气功能和胸腔压力指示功能的胸膜腔穿刺针以及一种卷折式、可组装、携行性好的背囊担架。结论针对以上装备的研发,总结了研发经验与思考,建议在借鉴外军战现场急救装备经验的基础上,可以考虑加强装备的以下特性,包括小型便携化、简单快速化、智能自动化、按需多样化、标准模块化等,以期为今后我军战现场急救装备的改进与研发提供参考。

Objective Develop and improve the first-aid equipments by analyzing the problems in their actual uses.Methods Summarize the problems in the use of existing equipments,consult relevant literatures,and cooperate with technical personnel to improve and design them.Results The problems of the existing equipments were described from three aspects:the intraosseous infusion equipment,the thoracic puncture needle and the first aid backpack.The technical improvement points were put forward.A device for fixing the tibial puncture needle and pressing the wound of the puncture needle,a pleural puncture needle with one-way exhaust function and thoracic pressure indication function,and a folding,assembling,and portable backpack stretcher were developed.Conclusion Based on the research and development of the above equipments,this paper summarizes the research and development experience and thinking.It is suggested that on the basis of drawing on the experience of foreign military field first-aid equipment,we can consider strengthening the following characteristics of the equipments,including small portability,simplicity and rapidity,intelligent automation,on-demand diversification,standard modularization,etc,with a view to providing reference for the improvement and development of our military field first-aid equipments in the future.