区块链技术背景下电子数据运用的实践与思考

Practice and Reflection on the Application of Electronic Data under the Background of Blockchain Technology

近年来“区块链+电子数据”的模式得到多方认可,并借由互联网法院和智慧司法建设成为各界关注的焦点。区块链技术的运用有利于保证数据真实性、提高取证效力、便利证据认证。从全国两个首例案件和整体实践数据来看,区块链在电子数据中的运用存在话语体系和实践操作的较大落差,这是因为区块链技术在技术层面和法律层面还有不少值得深思之处。前者包括算法黑箱、算法歧视和算法的可篡改性,后者包括存证平台资质不一对证据真实性的影响,技术成本对取证能力的“控制”,以及代码化对证据理论的冲击。

In recent years,the mode of“blockchain+electronic data”has been recognized by many parties,and has become the focus of attention from all walks of life through the Internet Court and intelligent judicial construction.The use of blockchain technology is conducive to ensuring the authenticity of data,improving the effectiveness of forensics and facilitating the authentication of evidence.From the two first cases in the country and the overall practice data,the use of blockchain in electronic data has a large discrepancy between the discourse system and the practice operation,which is because there are still a lot of points to ponder in the technical level and legal level of blockchain technology.The former includes algorithmic black box,algorithmic discrimination and the possibility of algorithmic tampering,while the latter includes the impact of different qualifications of the depositing platform on the authenticity of evidence,the“control”of technical costs on forensic capabilities,and the impact of codification on the theory of evidence.