多类型电解协同的风光互补制氢系统与容量优化

Hydrogen Production System and Capacity Optimization Based on Synergistic Operation With Multi-type Electrolyzers Under Wind-solar Power

耦合电解水制氢是实现风光等可再生能源稳定和多元化利用的重要技术手段,然而风光资源的随机性与波动性将对电解制氢的动态运行产生不利影响。对此,提出基于多类型电解制氢协同运行的风光互补制氢系统,有机结合碱性电解槽(alkaline electrolyzer,AEL)和质子交换膜电解槽(proton exchange membrane electrolyzer,PEMEL)的动态运行响应特征,以实现对波动风光发电出力的灵活消纳,并结合非劣分层遗传算法(nondominated sorting genetic algorithmⅡ,NSGA-Ⅱ)优化电解制氢设备容量配置。结果表明:PEMEL具有较好的冷态启动和瞬态响应特性,增加其容量占比,将有效提高多类型电解制氢协同运行的灵活调控能力,提高制氢收益。结合案例分析,优化得到AEL与PEMEL的容量比例分别为72.5%和27.5%,对比单一AEL制氢方案,系统能量效率与内部收益率分别提升了40%和38.7%,显著改善了系统的能量转化特性和经济性。研究成果将为实现可再生能源制氢系统的高效和灵活运行提供有益参考。

Coupling the technologies of the electrolysis hydrogen production with hybrid wind-solar power generation is an alternative pathway to improve the stability of renewable energy conversion,as well achieve the diverse utilization.While the randomness and fluctuation of wind/solar energy evidently deteriorate the dynamic operation characteristics of the electrolyzers.In this work,a novel wind-solar hybrid hydrogen generation system was proposed based on multi-type electrolyzers synergistic integration,including the alkaline electrolyzer(AEL)and proton exchange membrane electrolyzer(PEMEL).Their distinct advantages of dynamic operation will be highlighted and readily absorb the wind-solar power.In addition,the nondominated sorting genetic algorithmⅡ(NSGA-Ⅱ)method was adopted to optimize the system hydrogen generation capacity,in order to enhance the system efficient conversion and economic performances.The results indicate that PEMEL has better transient response characteristics,and increasing its capacity can effectively improve the electrolysis operation flexibility,which also raise the hydrogen production with favorable economic benefits.Moreover,a case study analysis was implemented,and the optimized AEL and PEMEL capacity ratios were 72.5%and 27.5%respectively.Compared to the single-type AEL hydrogen production,the whole system energy efficiency and the corresponding internal rate of return can be increased by 40%and 38.7%,respectively;both the thermodynamic and economic performances can be evidently enhanced.This research provided a promising method to achieve stable and efficient operation for the renewable energy hydrogen production.