美国特殊儿童个别化教育计划研究的热点、变迁及启示

The Research Hotspots and Evolution of Individualized EducationProgramsfor Special Children in America

为明确把握美国特殊儿童个别化教育计划的研究热点和变迁,探明该领域的研究前沿和发展趋势,为我国特殊儿童个别化教育计划未来发展提供启示,并利用CiteSpace软件对2004-2021年源自WoS的核心合集数据库的研究文献以每六年为一时间段,进行可视化分析。研究的变迁主要表现为四个方面,最终指向政府-家庭-学校-社区-医院等多维主体共建的社会支持网络体系。我国在未来的研究中,应充分认识到IEP对特殊儿童发展的重要价值,将IEP运用于特殊个体的婴幼儿乃至成人阶段的生活和就业的帮助之中,积极构建特殊儿童的终身教育发展体系,完善并倡导社会多方力量参与特殊儿童的IEP支持体系构建,提升IEP在特殊教育学校中的实施成效。

In order to clearly grasp the research hotspots and changes of the Individu-alized Education Program(IEP)for special children in America,to identify the research frontier and development trend in this field,and to provide inspiration for the future devel-opment of the Individualized education program for special children in China,the CiteSpace software is used to analyze the 2004-2021 Years of research literature from WoS's core collection database.Taking every six years as a period of time,visual analysis is performed.The changes in the research are mainly reflected in four aspects,the construc-tion of the support subject is gradually expanded from the single-dimensional construction that only attaches importance to the role of the family at the beginning,and afterwards points to the construction of the social support network system of multidimensional subjects such as the government,family,school,community and hospital.In future research,we should fully recognize the important value of IEP for the development of special children,apply IEP to the life and employment of 0~21 years old special children,actively build a lifelong education development system for them,improve and advocate the participation of various social forces in the construction of IEP support system,and finally improve the implementation effect of IEP in special education schools.