大型邮船海水泵叶轮材料的空蚀性能

Cavitation Erosion Performance of Impeller Materials for Large Cruise Seawater Pump

针对大型邮船海水泵长期处于运行状态,其关键部件叶轮易受到空蚀损伤的问题,研究大型邮船海水泵叶轮材料镍铝青铜C63200和不锈钢2507在不同液体介质中的空蚀行为及损伤机理。利用符合ASTMG32标准的振动空蚀装置研究这2种材料在去离子水、3.5%NaCl溶液(模拟含单一氯离子的海水环境)和人工海水(模拟含其他成分的海水环境)中的空蚀行为。通过分析试样的宏观形貌,计算试样的累积体积损失,以及观察试样表面的微观形貌,对这2种材料在3种介质中的超声空蚀行为进行对比分析。试验结果表明:2种材料在3种介质的空蚀损坏程度排序为3.5%NaCl溶液>人工海水>去离子水,且不锈钢2507在3种介质中的抗空蚀性能均优于镍铝青铜C63200,研究成果可供大型邮船海水泵叶轮材料的选择参考。

Aiming at the problem that the impeller of the key component of the large cruise ship seawater pump is vulnerable to cavitation damage due to its long-term operation,the cavitation behavior and damage mechanism of the impeller materials of the large cruise ship seawater pump,nickel aluminum bronze C63200 and stainless steel 2507 in different liquid media are studied.The cavitation behaviors of the two materials in deionized water,3.5%NaCl solution and artificial seawater are studied by using the vibration cavitation device conforming to ASTM G32 standard.The ultrasonic cavitation behaviors of the two materials in three different media are compared and analyzed by observing the macroscopic morphology of the samples,calculating the accumulated volume loss of the samples,and observing the microscopic morphology of the sample surface.The ultrasonic cavitation behavior of the two materials in three different mediums are analyzed by observing and detecting the macro and micro morphology of the sample surface and calculating the cumulative volume loss of the sample.In the three different mediums,the degree of cavitation damage of the two materials from high to low is 3.5%NaCl solution,artificial seawater and deionized water.Moreover,the cavitation corrosion resistance of stainless steel 2507 is better than that of nickel-aluminum bronze C63200.The results can provide a basis for the selection of large cruise sea water pump impeller materials.