论刑事在线诉讼中的程序选择权

On the Procedure Choice in Criminal Online Litigations

随着刑事在线诉讼的蓬勃发展,在线诉讼程序选择权的制度模式、适用范围、程序指引等实践中面临的普遍性问题需要从规范层面予以回应。当前我国关于刑事在线诉讼选择权在规范层面缺乏权威性、系统性规范,实践层面存在适用标准不一、程序不明等问题,目前在线诉讼程序选择有“依职权决定型”、“被告单方同意型”和“合意型”三种典型模式。三种模式各有优劣,为我国刑事在线诉讼程序选择权的构建提供制度参考。我国在线诉讼程序选择权经历了从“被告单方同意”到“合意型”的转变,应进一步细化适用标准、明晰适用程序、确立救济机制。

With the vigorous development of online criminal litigation, the options of online litigation,the scope of application, procedural guidelines and other general problems of the online criminal litigation faced in practice need to be responded to from the normative level. Until now, China’s online criminal litigation still faces problems, such as lack of authoritative and systematic norms at the normative level, and lack of unified standard of application and clear procedure at the practice level. There are three mainstream option types of online criminal litigation globally, which are “ex officio decision type” “defendant unilateral consent type” and “Consensual type”. The three types all have their advantages and disadvantages, which draw lessons for the development of China’s criminal online litigation. China’s options of criminal online litigation have undergone a transformation from “unilateral consent of the defendant consent type” to “consensual type”, which is necessary to be refined the applicable criteria, clarified the applicable procedures,and established a relief mechanism.