中国居民1990年与2019年抑郁症疾病负担情况比较

Disease burden of depression among Chinese residents in 1990 and 2019:a comparative analysis

目的比较中国居民1990年与2019年抑郁症疾病负担,为抑郁症的预防控制提供参考依据。方法收集全球疾病负担(GBD)2019中中国居民1990年和2019年的抑郁症发病数和伤残调整寿命年(DALYs),比较1990年与2019年中国居民抑郁症的变化情况。结果中国居民2019年抑郁症的发病数和DALY分别为41005280例和7561985人年,较1990年的31303436例和5486751人年增加了31.0%和37.8%;抑郁症的标化发病率和标化DALYs率由1990年的2647.72/10万和470.65/10万下降至2019年的2301.41/10万和416.95/10万。与1990年相比,男性居民2019年抑郁症的发病数和DALYs增加了37.0%和41.9%,均高于女性居民的27.8%和35.5%;标化发病率和标化DALYs率降低了7.8%和7.6%,均低于女性的16.5%和14.2%。2019年10~49岁男性、女性和总人群抑郁症DALYs率均低于1990年,≥50岁男性、女性和总人群抑郁症DALYs率均高于1990年。1990年和2019年重度抑郁症DALYs分别为4006829人年和5087997人年,分别占抑郁症总疾病负担的73.0%和67.3%,是中国居民抑郁症疾病负担最为严重的病种;2019年中国居民重度抑郁症和心境恶劣DALYs率分别较1990年增加了5.7%和39.1%,心境恶劣疾病负担增加明显。结论中国女性居民仍占抑郁症疾病负担的主导地位,但男性和中老年居民抑郁症疾病负担有所增加,心境恶劣的疾病负担亦增加明显,应予以重视。

Objective To compare the disease burden of depression among Chinese residents in 1990 and 2019 and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of depression.Methods The data on depression in Chinese population in1990 and 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019(GBD 2019).Incidence,disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)and years lived with disability(YLDs)of depression were used to analyze disease burden in 1990 and 2019and its changing trend during the period.Results Among Chinese residents,the number of incidence and DALYs of depression increased from 31303436 cases and 5486751 person-years in 1990 to 41005280 cases and 7561985 personyears in 2019,with an increase of 31.0%and 37.8%;while,the standardized incidence and the standardized DALYs rate of depression decreased from 2647.72/100000 and 470.65/100000 in 1990 to 231.41/100000 and 416.95/100000 in 2019.Compared with those in 1990,the number of incidence and DALYs of depression increased by 37.0%and 41.9%among male residents and both the increases were higher than those(27.8%,35.5%)among female residents;but the standardized incidence rate and DALYs rate declined by 7.8%and 7.6%among male residents and both the decreases were lower than those(16.5%and 14.2%)among female residents.Declines in DALYs rate of depression in 2019 were observed in both male and female residents aged 10–49 years but rises in the DALYs rate were found in male and female residents age 50 years and above in comparison with those in 1990.Being the heaviest disease burden of depression among Chinese residents in1990 and 2019,the DALYs of major depression was 4006829 person-years and 5087997 person-years,accounting for73.0%and 67.3%of the total disease burden of depression,respectively.Compared with those in 1990 in Chinese residents,the DALYs rate of major depression and dysthymia increased by 5.7%and 39.1%in 2019,indicating a significantly increased disease burden.Conclusion In 1990 and 2019 in China,the main part of disease burden of depression was contributed to the disease incidents among females but the disease burden of depression also increased among male residents and the middle-aged and elderly residents.