疫情影响下国内顶尖高校毕业生就业状况变化——基于8所高校2017~2021年毕业生就业质量报告的调查

Exploring the Employment Situation and Trends of Graduates from Top Universities in China in the Context of the COVID-19:A Survey Based on the 2017-2021 Employment Quality Report of Graduates from Eight Universities

新冠肺炎疫情的暴发对我国日益严峻的高校毕业生就业形势产生了一定冲击。基于国内8所顶尖高校2017~2021年毕业生就业质量报告,通过比较疫情前后毕业生数量及就业率、就业结构、就业地域分布、就业单位性质等方面的情况发现:疫情影响下顶尖高校毕业生的就业率总体上仍保持高位,但部分高校仍未恢复至疫情前水平;就业是毕业生去向的首选,自主创业比例较低,出国(境)留学比例下降,未就业的比例有所增加;从就业地域上看,选择中部地区就业的人数最少,选择东部地区就业的高校毕业生较疫情发生前比例有所降低,往中西部地区就业趋势渐显;毕业生选择党政机关、部队、事业单位、国企等单位就职的倾向显著。为缓解疫情对顶尖大学毕业生的就业冲击,应稳定增加就业岗位,关注“未就业”毕业生群体;完善并落实扶创政策,提升创业技能,提高顶尖高校毕业生自主创业率;中部地区省份应加强“人才强省”战略实施,增强对高层次人才黏性。

The sudden onset of the COVID-19 outbreak has had a serious impact on the employment of China’s growing number of university graduates and increased the friction effect.Based on the 2017-2021 graduates employment quality report from eight top universities in China,this study is focused on the number and employment rate of graduates,employment structure,geographical distribution of employment and nature of employment units.The study found that:the employment rate of graduates from top universities under the influence of COVID-19 remained high in general,but still had not recovered to the pre-epidemic level;employment is the first choice of graduates,the proportion of studying abroad(in China)and self-employment decreases,and the proportion of those who are not employed increases;the number of graduates choosing employment in the central region is the lowest,the proportion of graduates choosing employment in the eastern region decreases,and the trend of employment in the central and western regions is gradually emerging;the tendency of graduates choosing to work in party and government organs,military units,institutions and state-owned enterprises is significant.Therefore,it is recommended that:steadily increase employment opportunities and pay attention to the unemployed graduates group;improve and implement policies to support entrepreneurship,improve entrepreneurial skills,and increase the rate of independent entrepreneurship of top university graduates;provinces in the central region should strengthen the implementation of the strategy of"strengthening the province with talents"and enhance the stickiness of high-level talents.